OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between the menopausal status and related hormonal variation of oestradiol with plasma lipid concentrations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty premenopausal women and fifty postmenopausal women subjects were selected. Data was collected through clinical evaluation from questionnaires and laboratory investigations. Plasma oestradiol and lipid profile determinations were done by using competitive binding immunoassay methods and enzymatic methods respectively. Student's T test and Pearson's test of correlation were used for the statistical analysis. P-values of < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in serum Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol levels in post-menopausal women. HDL-cholesterol level was significantly decreased in post-menopausal women. The calculated atherogenic index (Total Cholesterol/HDL ratio) was significantly increased in post-menopausal women as compared to that in premenopausal women. Oestradiol concentration was significantly lower (p<0.001) in post-menopausal women. DISCUSSION: Oestrogen changes the vascular permeability by increasing nitrous oxide production. It maintains a healthy lipoprotein profile. It stabilizes the endothelial cells, enhances antioxidant effect and alters fibrinolysis protein. All these cardioprotective mechanisms are lost in menopause. Postmenopausal women develop an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSION: Menopause leads to changes in lipid profile by reducing HDL, and elevating Total Cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol, thus increasing the risk for cardiovascular disease. These changes are caused by reduced oestrogen concentrations which are seen in menopause.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between the menopausal status and related hormonal variation of oestradiol with plasma lipid concentrations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty premenopausal women and fifty postmenopausal women subjects were selected. Data was collected through clinical evaluation from questionnaires and laboratory investigations. Plasma oestradiol and lipid profile determinations were done by using competitive binding immunoassay methods and enzymatic methods respectively. Student's T test and Pearson's test of correlation were used for the statistical analysis. P-values of < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in serum Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol levels in post-menopausal women. HDL-cholesterol level was significantly decreased in post-menopausal women. The calculated atherogenic index (Total Cholesterol/HDL ratio) was significantly increased in post-menopausal women as compared to that in premenopausal women. Oestradiol concentration was significantly lower (p<0.001) in post-menopausal women. DISCUSSION: Oestrogen changes the vascular permeability by increasing nitrous oxide production. It maintains a healthy lipoprotein profile. It stabilizes the endothelial cells, enhances antioxidant effect and alters fibrinolysis protein. All these cardioprotective mechanisms are lost in menopause. Postmenopausal women develop an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSION: Menopause leads to changes in lipid profile by reducing HDL, and elevating Total Cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol, thus increasing the risk for cardiovascular disease. These changes are caused by reduced oestrogen concentrations which are seen in menopause.
Authors: Hua Jun Xu; Xiao Fei Lan; Qing Yun Li; Li Na Zhou; Xiu Juan Zhang; Qian Guo; Jin Hua Ni; Bei Cao Journal: Sleep Breath Date: 2014-05-08 Impact factor: 2.816
Authors: Giorgia Caspani; Gustavo Turecki; Raymond W Lam; Roumen V Milev; Benicio N Frey; Glenda M MacQueen; Daniel J Müller; Susan Rotzinger; Sidney H Kennedy; Jane A Foster; Jonathan R Swann Journal: Commun Biol Date: 2021-07-22
Authors: Susanne Sales; Juergen Graessler; Sara Ciucci; Rania Al-Atrib; Terhi Vihervaara; Kai Schuhmann; Dimple Kauhanen; Marko Sysi-Aho; Stefan R Bornstein; Marc Bickle; Carlo V Cannistraci; Kim Ekroos; Andrej Shevchenko Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2016-06-14 Impact factor: 4.379