Disparities in use of laparoscopic hysterectomies: a nationwide analysis.

STUDY
OBJECTIVE: To determine patient and hospital characteristics that were associated with undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy compared with abdominal hysterectomy.
DESIGN: Canadian Task Force Classification II-3.
METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed the 2010 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. All women who underwent laparoscopic or abdominal hysterectomy for either menorrhagia or leiomyoma were included based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision coding. A linear model with binomial distribution and logit link function was used to determine patient and hospital characteristics associated with hysterectomy approach. MAIN
RESULTS: A total of 32 436 patients were included in this study. Of these, 32% patients underwent laparoscopic hysterectomies, and 67% underwent abdominal hysterectomies. With regard to patient characteristics, women younger than 35 years old were more likely to undergo laparoscopic hysterectomy when compared with each of the other age categories (p < .001). White women were more likely to undergo laparoscopic hysterectomy than black women, Hispanic women, or women classified as "other" races (p < .001 for all comparisons). With regard to median income, patients from the lowest national quartile were less likely to undergo laparoscopic hysterectomy when compared with each of the other 3 national quartiles for income (p = .01, p < .001, p = .001, respectively). Payment by private insurance was associated with laparoscopic hysterectomy when compared with payment by Medicare or payment by insurance category "other" (p < .001 for both). With regard to hospital characteristics, hospitals in the Northeast were more likely to have laparoscopic hysterectomies than hospitals in the Midwest or South (p < .001 for both comparisons); urban hospitals were more likely than rural hospitals (p < .001); teaching hospitals were more likely than nonteaching hospitals (p < .001); and government-owned hospitals were less likely than private, nonprofit or private, investor owned (p < .001 for both comparisons).
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the increased popularity of and training in laparoscopic hysterectomies, there remains an obvious disparity in its delivery with regard to patient and hospital characteristics. Further investigation is needed on the etiology of this disparity and interventions that may alleviate it.