BACKGROUND/AIMS: Metabolic syndrome has been identified as one of the most significant threats to human health in the 21(st) century. Exercise training has been shown to counteract obesity and metabolic syndrome. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of moderate exercise training on pancreatic beta-cell function and autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). METHODS: Weaning rats were divided into four groups: rats fed a standard chow or HFD (sedentary, Control-SED and HFD-SED; or exercised, Control-EXE and HFD-EXE, respectively). Exercised rats ran (from 21- to 91-days-old) for 60 minutes (3 times/week) over a 10-week period. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed. Pancreatic islets were isolated to study glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS). Parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve electrical signals were measured, and liver samples were processed and histologically analyzed. RESULTS: Exercise prevented obesity, insulin resistance, and liver steatosis as well as improved total cholesterol, ALT, and AST levels. Islets from HFD rats showed insulin hypersecretion which was ameliorated by exercise. Exercise decreased vagal nerve activity in the HFD-EXE group and increased the activity of the sympathetic nervous system in both exercised groups. CONCLUSION: Exercise prevents obesity and liver steatosis and restores pancreatic beta-cell function and ANS activity in HFD-obese rats.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Metabolic syndrome has been identified as one of the most significant threats to human health in the 21(st) century. Exercise training has been shown to counteract obesity and metabolic syndrome. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of moderate exercise training on pancreatic beta-cell function and autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). METHODS: Weaning rats were divided into four groups: rats fed a standard chow or HFD (sedentary, Control-SED and HFD-SED; or exercised, Control-EXE and HFD-EXE, respectively). Exercised rats ran (from 21- to 91-days-old) for 60 minutes (3 times/week) over a 10-week period. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed. Pancreatic islets were isolated to study glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS). Parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve electrical signals were measured, and liver samples were processed and histologically analyzed. RESULTS: Exercise prevented obesity, insulin resistance, and liver steatosis as well as improved total cholesterol, ALT, and AST levels. Islets from HFD rats showed insulin hypersecretion which was ameliorated by exercise. Exercise decreased vagal nerve activity in the HFD-EXE group and increased the activity of the sympathetic nervous system in both exercised groups. CONCLUSION: Exercise prevents obesity and liver steatosis and restores pancreatic beta-cell function and ANS activity in HFD-obeserats.
Authors: Pär Steneberg; Emma Lindahl; Ulf Dahl; Emmelie Lidh; Jurate Straseviciene; Fredrik Backlund; Elisabet Kjellkvist; Eva Berggren; Ingela Lundberg; Ingela Bergqvist; Madelene Ericsson; Björn Eriksson; Kajsa Linde; Jacob Westman; Thomas Edlund; Helena Edlund Journal: JCI Insight Date: 2018-06-21
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Authors: Carlos A Ibáñez; Rafaela P Erthal; Fernanda M Ogo; Maria N C Peres; Henrique R Vieira; Camila Conejo; Laize P Tófolo; Flávio A Francisco; Sandra da Silva Silveira; Ananda Malta; Audrei Pavanello; Isabela P Martins; Paulo H O da Silva; Lucas Paulo Jacinto Saavedra; Gessica D Gonçalves; Veridiana M Moreira; Vander S Alves; Claudinéia C da Silva Franco; Carina Previate; Rodrigo M Gomes; Renan de Oliveira Venci; Francielle R S Dias; James A Armitage; Elena Zambrano; Paulo C F Mathias; Glaura S A Fernandes; Kesia Palma-Rigo Journal: Front Physiol Date: 2017-11-02 Impact factor: 4.566