Preventing choking and suffocation in children.

Choking, suffocation and strangulation cause serious unintentional injuries in children and are leading causes of unintentional death in infants and toddlers. Nearly all choking, suffocation and strangulation deaths and injuries are preventable. The present statement reviews definitions, epidemiology and effective prevention strategies for these injuries. Recommendations that combine approaches for improving safety, including research, surveillance, legislation and standards, product design and education, are made. Paediatric health care providers should be encouraging parents and other caregivers to learn cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and choking first aid, as well as offering anticipatory, age-appropriate guidance to prevent these injuries at regular health visits.