BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine whether depression in patients with long-term conditions is associated with the number of morbidities or the type of co-morbidity. Method A cohort study of 299 912 participants aged 30-100 years. The prevalence of depression, rates of health-care utilization and costs were evaluated in relation to diagnoses of diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and colorectal cancer. RESULTS: The age-standardized prevalence of depression was 7% in men and 14% in women with no morbidity. The frequency of depression increased in single morbidities including DM (men 13%, women 22%), CHD (men 15%, women 24%), stroke (men 14%, women 26%) or colorectal cancer (men 10%, women 21%). Participants with concurrent diabetes, CHD and stroke had a very high prevalence of depression (men 23%, women 49%). The relative rate of depression for one morbidity was 1.63 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.59-1.66], two morbidities 1.96 (95% CI 1.89-2.03) and three morbidities 2.35 (95% CI 2.03-2.59). Compared to those with no morbidity, depression was associated with higher rates of health-care utilization and increased costs at any level of morbidity. In women aged 55 to 64 years without morbidity, the mean annual health-care cost was £513 without depression and £1074 with depression; when three morbidities were present, the cost was £1495 without depression and £2878 with depression. CONCLUSIONS: Depression prevalence and health-care costs are more strongly associated with the number of morbidities than the nature of the co-morbid diagnosis.
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine whether depression in patients with long-term conditions is associated with the number of morbidities or the type of co-morbidity. Method A cohort study of 299 912 participants aged 30-100 years. The prevalence of depression, rates of health-care utilization and costs were evaluated in relation to diagnoses of diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and colorectal cancer. RESULTS: The age-standardized prevalence of depression was 7% in men and 14% in women with no morbidity. The frequency of depression increased in single morbidities including DM (men 13%, women 22%), CHD (men 15%, women 24%), stroke (men 14%, women 26%) or colorectal cancer (men 10%, women 21%). Participants with concurrent diabetes, CHD and stroke had a very high prevalence of depression (men 23%, women 49%). The relative rate of depression for one morbidity was 1.63 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.59-1.66], two morbidities 1.96 (95% CI 1.89-2.03) and three morbidities 2.35 (95% CI 2.03-2.59). Compared to those with no morbidity, depression was associated with higher rates of health-care utilization and increased costs at any level of morbidity. In women aged 55 to 64 years without morbidity, the mean annual health-care cost was £513 without depression and £1074 with depression; when three morbidities were present, the cost was £1495 without depression and £2878 with depression. CONCLUSIONS: Depression prevalence and health-care costs are more strongly associated with the number of morbidities than the nature of the co-morbid diagnosis.
Authors: Courtney A Polenick; Amanda N Leggett; Noah J Webster; Benjamin H Han; Steven H Zarit; John D Piette Journal: J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci Date: 2020-01-01 Impact factor: 4.077
Authors: Lisa Townsend; Rashelle Musci; Elizabeth Stuart; Kathryn Heley; Mary Beth Beaudry; Barbara Schweizer; Anne Ruble; Karen Swartz; Holly Wilcox Journal: J Adolesc Health Date: 2019-01-04 Impact factor: 5.012
Authors: Gretchen A Brenes; Suzanne C Danhauer; Mary F Lyles; Patricia E Hogan; Michael E Miller Journal: Am J Geriatr Psychiatry Date: 2015-06-17 Impact factor: 4.105
Authors: Yuanhao Yang; Huiying Zhao; Dorret I Boomsma; Lannie Ligthart; Andrea C Belin; George Davey Smith; Tonu Esko; Tobias M Freilinger; Thomas Folkmann Hansen; M Arfan Ikram; Mikko Kallela; Christian Kubisch; Christofidou Paraskevi; David P Strachan; Maija Wessman; Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg; Gisela M Terwindt; Dale R Nyholt Journal: Eur J Hum Genet Date: 2018-07-11 Impact factor: 4.246
Authors: Wendy Marie Ingram; Anna M Baker; Christopher R Bauer; Jason P Brown; Fernando S Goes; Sharon Larson; Peter P Zandi Journal: Neurol Psychiatry Brain Res Date: 2020-02-21