BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Subcutaneously injected rapid-acting insulin analogs do not replicate physiologic insulin action due to delays in their onset and peak action resulting in postprandial glucose excursions. The InsuPatch (IP) is a novel insulin infusion site warming device developed to accelerate insulin action by increasing blood flow to the area of insulin absorption. Thirteen adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D, mean age 14 ± 4 yr) were enrolled in this study to investigate the effect of the IP on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of a 0.2 unit/kg bolus dose of aspart insulin using the euglycemic clamp technique. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Each subject underwent two euglycemic clamp procedures on separate occasions: one with IP and one without IP activation in random order. RESULTS: When the insulin bolus was given with IP activation as compared to without IP activation, time to reach maximum insulin action (T(GIRmax)) and to reach 50% maximum action (T(50%GIRmax)) were 35 and 18 min earlier (125 ± 8 min vs. 90 ± 6 min, p = 0.002 and 58 ± 5 min. vs. 40 ± 3 min, p = 0.01, respectively), and the area under curve, AUC(GIR 0-90 min), reflecting early glucodynamic action, was significantly greater (p = 0.001). IP activation also accelerated the rise in plasma insulin levels after the bolus (p = 0.03) and resulted in a higher peak (p = 0.04) and greater overall increase (p = 0.02) in plasma insulin levels. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that insulin infusion site warming with IP activation accelerates the time action profile of aspart insulin which may be of benefit to current open-loop and future closed-loop insulin delivery in patients with T1D.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Subcutaneously injected rapid-acting insulin analogs do not replicate physiologic insulin action due to delays in their onset and peak action resulting in postprandial glucose excursions. The InsuPatch (IP) is a novel insulin infusion site warming device developed to accelerate insulin action by increasing blood flow to the area of insulin absorption. Thirteen adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D, mean age 14 ± 4 yr) were enrolled in this study to investigate the effect of the IP on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of a 0.2 unit/kg bolus dose of aspartinsulin using the euglycemic clamp technique. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Each subject underwent two euglycemic clamp procedures on separate occasions: one with IP and one without IP activation in random order. RESULTS: When the insulin bolus was given with IP activation as compared to without IP activation, time to reach maximum insulin action (T(GIRmax)) and to reach 50% maximum action (T(50%GIRmax)) were 35 and 18 min earlier (125 ± 8 min vs. 90 ± 6 min, p = 0.002 and 58 ± 5 min. vs. 40 ± 3 min, p = 0.01, respectively), and the area under curve, AUC(GIR 0-90 min), reflecting early glucodynamic action, was significantly greater (p = 0.001). IP activation also accelerated the rise in plasma insulin levels after the bolus (p = 0.03) and resulted in a higher peak (p = 0.04) and greater overall increase (p = 0.02) in plasma insulin levels. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that insulin infusion site warming with IP activation accelerates the time action profile of aspartinsulin which may be of benefit to current open-loop and future closed-loop insulin delivery in patients with T1D.
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