BACKGROUND: The discovery of markers to identify the intestinal stem cell population and the generation of powerful transgenic mouse models to study stem cell physiology have led to seminal discoveries in stem cell biology. SCOPE OF REVIEW: In this review we give an overview of the current knowledge in the field of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) highlighting the most recent progress on markers defining the ISC population and pathways governing intestinal stem cell maintenance and differentiation. Furthermore we review their interaction with other stem cell related pathways. Finally we give an overview of alteration of these pathways in human inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS: We highlight the complex network of interactions occurring among different pathways and put in perspective the many layers of regulation that occur in maintaining the intestinal homeostasis. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: Understanding the involvement of ISCs in inflammatory diseases can potentially lead to new therapeutic approaches to treat inflammatory GI pathologies such as IBD and celiac disease and could reveal the molecular mechanisms leading to the pathogenesis of dysplasia and cancer in inflammatory chronic conditions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Biochemistry of Stem Cells.
BACKGROUND: The discovery of markers to identify the intestinal stem cell population and the generation of powerful transgenic mouse models to study stem cell physiology have led to seminal discoveries in stem cell biology. SCOPE OF REVIEW: In this review we give an overview of the current knowledge in the field of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) highlighting the most recent progress on markers defining the ISC population and pathways governing intestinal stem cell maintenance and differentiation. Furthermore we review their interaction with other stem cell related pathways. Finally we give an overview of alteration of these pathways in human inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS: We highlight the complex network of interactions occurring among different pathways and put in perspective the many layers of regulation that occur in maintaining the intestinal homeostasis. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: Understanding the involvement of ISCs in inflammatory diseases can potentially lead to new therapeutic approaches to treat inflammatory GI pathologies such as IBD and celiac disease and could reveal the molecular mechanisms leading to the pathogenesis of dysplasia and cancer in inflammatory chronic conditions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Biochemistry of Stem Cells.
Authors: Shalev Itzkovitz; Anna Lyubimova; Irene C Blat; Mindy Maynard; Johan van Es; Jacqueline Lees; Tyler Jacks; Hans Clevers; Alexander van Oudenaarden Journal: Nat Cell Biol Date: 2011-11-27 Impact factor: 28.824
Authors: G R van den Brink; J C H Hardwick; C Nielsen; C Xu; F J ten Kate; J Glickman; S J H van Deventer; D J Roberts; M P Peppelenbosch Journal: Gut Date: 2002-11 Impact factor: 23.059
Authors: Robert L Yauch; Stephen E Gould; Suzie J Scales; Tracy Tang; Hua Tian; Christina P Ahn; Derek Marshall; Ling Fu; Thomas Januario; Dara Kallop; Michelle Nannini-Pepe; Karen Kotkow; James C Marsters; Lee L Rubin; Frederic J de Sauvage Journal: Nature Date: 2008-08-27 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: Vivian W Y Wong; Daniel E Stange; Mahalia E Page; Simon Buczacki; Agnieszka Wabik; Satoshi Itami; Marc van de Wetering; Richard Poulsom; Nicholas A Wright; Matthew W B Trotter; Fiona M Watt; Doug J Winton; Hans Clevers; Kim B Jensen Journal: Nat Cell Biol Date: 2012-03-04 Impact factor: 28.824
Authors: Barun Das; Kevin Okamoto; John Rabalais; Philip A Kozan; Ronald R Marchelletta; Matthew D McGeough; Nassim Durali; Maria Go; Kim E Barrett; Soumita Das; Mamata Sivagnanam Journal: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol Date: 2019-08-21 Impact factor: 4.052