Scaling up HIV treatment and prevention through national responses and innovative leadership.

Over the past decade, there has been an unprecedented global response to the AIDS epidemic. This infusion of new funding has led to a rapid scale-up of HIV treatment and prevention and consequently has saved millions of lives and transformed communities around the world. However, as clearly demonstrated by a review of national responses, successes have been due in large part to strong and innovative leadership from governments, the private sector, and nongovernmental organizations. Examples from Brazil, Botswana, Nigeria, Uganda, and India illustrate the vital role played by bold and collaborative leadership in the global and local scale-up of HIV prevention and treatment.