BACKGROUND: As health care organizations strive to improve their work processes, attention is being paid to workarounds in the clinical setting. Some research has found a link between burnout and workarounds. Other research shows that the clinical work environment can influence burnout levels in clinical workers, particularly emotional exhaustion. OBJECTIVE: Underpinned by Conservation of Resources theory, we examined a conceptual model linking the work environment with workarounds in acute care nurses and other clinicians, and hypothesized that burnout, specifically emotional exhaustion, would mediate these relationships. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross sectional survey study was conducted in a large tertiary hospital in North America. PARTICIPANTS: All clinical care providers in the hospital's medical units were invited to participate. The response rate was 45%, with nurses comprising 85% of respondents. METHOD: Questionnaires were mailed to employee homes using a two-wave methodology. RESULTS: Hypotheses were examined using structural equation modeling. Time pressure was positively related to exhaustion, and autonomy was negatively related. Exhaustion was positively related to workarounds, and mediated the time pressure and autonomy to workarounds relationships. Contrary to expectations, the physical environment was directly and negatively related to workarounds. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the work environment may influence more than individual clinician well-being and exhaustion, it also may influence workaround behaviors that could lead to harm for patients and/or the organization. More attention should be paid to the mechanisms that influence workarounds.
BACKGROUND: As health care organizations strive to improve their work processes, attention is being paid to workarounds in the clinical setting. Some research has found a link between burnout and workarounds. Other research shows that the clinical work environment can influence burnout levels in clinical workers, particularly emotional exhaustion. OBJECTIVE: Underpinned by Conservation of Resources theory, we examined a conceptual model linking the work environment with workarounds in acute care nurses and other clinicians, and hypothesized that burnout, specifically emotional exhaustion, would mediate these relationships. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross sectional survey study was conducted in a large tertiary hospital in North America. PARTICIPANTS: All clinical care providers in the hospital's medical units were invited to participate. The response rate was 45%, with nurses comprising 85% of respondents. METHOD: Questionnaires were mailed to employee homes using a two-wave methodology. RESULTS: Hypotheses were examined using structural equation modeling. Time pressure was positively related to exhaustion, and autonomy was negatively related. Exhaustion was positively related to workarounds, and mediated the time pressure and autonomy to workarounds relationships. Contrary to expectations, the physical environment was directly and negatively related to workarounds. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the work environment may influence more than individual clinician well-being and exhaustion, it also may influence workaround behaviors that could lead to harm for patients and/or the organization. More attention should be paid to the mechanisms that influence workarounds.
Authors: Asia Friedman; Jesse C Crosson; Jenna Howard; Elizabeth C Clark; Maria Pellerano; Ben-Tzion Karsh; Benjamin Crabtree; Carlos Roberto Jaén; Deborah J Cohen Journal: J Am Med Inform Assoc Date: 2013-07-31 Impact factor: 4.497
Authors: Anne-Marie Duchemin; Beth A Steinberg; Donald R Marks; Kristin Vanover; Maryanna Klatt Journal: J Occup Environ Med Date: 2015-04 Impact factor: 2.162
Authors: Kathleen R Stevens; Eileen P Engh; Heather Tubbs-Cooley; Deborah Marks Conley; Tammy Cupit; Ellen D'Errico; Pam DiNapoli; Joleen Lynn Fischer; Ruth Freed; Anne Marie Kotzer; Carolyn L Lindgren; Marie Ann Marino; Lisa Mestas; Jessica Perdue; Rebekah Powers; Patricia Radovich; Karen Rice; Linda P Riley; Peri Rosenfeld; Linda Roussel; Nancy A Ryan-Wenger; Linda Searle-Leach; Nicole M Shonka; Vicki L Smith; Laura Sweatt; Mary Townsend-Gervis; Ellen Wathen; Janice S Withycombe Journal: Res Nurs Health Date: 2017-03-15 Impact factor: 2.228