BACKGROUND: Reliable outcome measures are essential for preclinical modeling of spinal cord injury (SCI) in primates. MEASURES: need to be sensitive to both increases and decreases in function in order to demonstrate potential positive or negative effects of therapeutics. OBJECTIVES: To develop behavioral tests and analyses to assess recovery of function after SCI in the nonhuman primate. METHODS: In all, 24 male rhesus macaques were subjected to complete C7 lateral hemisection. The authors scored recovery of function in an open field and during hand tasks in a restraining chair. In addition, EMG analyses were performed in the open field, during hand tasks, and while animals walked on a treadmill. Both control and treated monkeys that received candidate therapeutics were included in this report to determine whether the behavioral assays were capable of detecting changes in function over a wide range of outcomes. RESULTS: The behavioral assays are shown to be sensitive to detecting a wide range of motor functional outcomes after cervical hemisection in the nonhuman primate. Population curves on recovery of function were similar across the different tasks; in general, the population recovers to about 50% of baseline performance on measures of forelimb function. CONCLUSIONS: The behavioral outcome measures that the authors developed in this preclinical nonhuman primate model of SCI can detect a broad range of motor recovery. A set of behavioral assays is an essential component of a model that will be used to test efficacies of translational candidate therapies for SCI.
BACKGROUND: Reliable outcome measures are essential for preclinical modeling of spinal cord injury (SCI) in primates. MEASURES: need to be sensitive to both increases and decreases in function in order to demonstrate potential positive or negative effects of therapeutics. OBJECTIVES: To develop behavioral tests and analyses to assess recovery of function after SCI in the nonhuman primate. METHODS: In all, 24 male rhesus macaques were subjected to complete C7 lateral hemisection. The authors scored recovery of function in an open field and during hand tasks in a restraining chair. In addition, EMG analyses were performed in the open field, during hand tasks, and while animals walked on a treadmill. Both control and treated monkeys that received candidate therapeutics were included in this report to determine whether the behavioral assays were capable of detecting changes in function over a wide range of outcomes. RESULTS: The behavioral assays are shown to be sensitive to detecting a wide range of motor functional outcomes after cervical hemisection in the nonhuman primate. Population curves on recovery of function were similar across the different tasks; in general, the population recovers to about 50% of baseline performance on measures of forelimb function. CONCLUSIONS: The behavioral outcome measures that the authors developed in this preclinical nonhuman primate model of SCI can detect a broad range of motor recovery. A set of behavioral assays is an essential component of a model that will be used to test efficacies of translational candidate therapies for SCI.
Authors: Lucia Friedli; Ephron S Rosenzweig; Quentin Barraud; Martin Schubert; Nadia Dominici; Lea Awai; Jessica L Nielson; Pavel Musienko; Yvette Nout-Lomas; Hui Zhong; Sharon Zdunowski; Roland R Roy; Sarah C Strand; Rubia van den Brand; Leif A Havton; Michael S Beattie; Jacqueline C Bresnahan; Erwan Bézard; Jocelyne Bloch; V Reggie Edgerton; Adam R Ferguson; Armin Curt; Mark H Tuszynski; Grégoire Courtine Journal: Sci Transl Med Date: 2015-08-26 Impact factor: 17.956
Authors: Yvette S Nout; Ephron S Rosenzweig; John H Brock; Sarah C Strand; Rod Moseanko; Stephanie Hawbecker; Sharon Zdunowski; Jessica L Nielson; Roland R Roy; Gregoire Courtine; Adam R Ferguson; V Reggie Edgerton; Michael S Beattie; Jacqueline C Bresnahan; Mark H Tuszynski Journal: Neurotherapeutics Date: 2012-04 Impact factor: 7.620
Authors: Jessica L Nielson; Cristian F Guandique; Aiwen W Liu; Darlene A Burke; A Todd Lash; Rod Moseanko; Stephanie Hawbecker; Sarah C Strand; Sharon Zdunowski; Karen-Amanda Irvine; John H Brock; Yvette S Nout-Lomas; John C Gensel; Kim D Anderson; Mark R Segal; Ephron S Rosenzweig; David S K Magnuson; Scott R Whittemore; Dana M McTigue; Phillip G Popovich; Alexander G Rabchevsky; Stephen W Scheff; Oswald Steward; Grégoire Courtine; V Reggie Edgerton; Mark H Tuszynski; Michael S Beattie; Jacqueline C Bresnahan; Adam R Ferguson Journal: J Neurotrauma Date: 2014-07-31 Impact factor: 5.269
Authors: Jessica L Nielson; Jenny Haefeli; Ernesto A Salegio; Aiwen W Liu; Cristian F Guandique; Ellen D Stück; Stephanie Hawbecker; Rod Moseanko; Sarah C Strand; Sharon Zdunowski; John H Brock; Roland R Roy; Ephron S Rosenzweig; Yvette S Nout-Lomas; Gregoire Courtine; Leif A Havton; Oswald Steward; V Reggie Edgerton; Mark H Tuszynski; Michael S Beattie; Jacqueline C Bresnahan; Adam R Ferguson Journal: Brain Res Date: 2014-11-04 Impact factor: 3.252
Authors: Ephron S Rosenzweig; John H Brock; Paul Lu; Hiromi Kumamaru; Ernesto A Salegio; Ken Kadoya; Janet L Weber; Justine J Liang; Rod Moseanko; Stephanie Hawbecker; J Russell Huie; Leif A Havton; Yvette S Nout-Lomas; Adam R Ferguson; Michael S Beattie; Jacqueline C Bresnahan; Mark H Tuszynski Journal: Nat Med Date: 2018-02-26 Impact factor: 53.440
Authors: Ernesto A Salegio; Jacqueline C Bresnahan; Carolyn J Sparrey; William Camisa; Jason Fischer; Jeremi Leasure; Jennifer Buckley; Yvette S Nout-Lomas; Ephron S Rosenzweig; Rod Moseanko; Sarah Strand; Stephanie Hawbecker; Marie-Josee Lemoy; Jenny Haefeli; Xiaokui Ma; Jessica L Nielson; V R Edgerton; Adam R Ferguson; Mark H Tuszynski; Michael S Beattie Journal: J Neurotrauma Date: 2016-01-20 Impact factor: 5.269
Authors: Karen-Amanda Irvine; Adam R Ferguson; Kathleen D Mitchell; Stephanie B Beattie; Amity Lin; Ellen D Stuck; J Russell Huie; Jessica L Nielson; Jason F Talbott; Tomoo Inoue; Michael S Beattie; Jacqueline C Bresnahan Journal: Front Neurol Date: 2014-07-07 Impact factor: 4.003