Tae Nyun Kim1, Man Sik Park2, Kang Il Lim3, Sae Jeong Yang3, Hye Jin Yoo3, Hyun Joo Kang4, Wook Song5, Ji A Seo3, Sin Gon Kim3, Nan Hee Kim3, Sei Hyun Baik3, Dong Seop Choi3, Kyung Mook Choi6. 1. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 152-050, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea. 2. Department of Statistics, College of Natural Sciences, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 3. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 152-050, Republic of Korea. 4. Sports Medicine, Division of Physical Education, Soonchunhyang University, A-San, Republic of Korea. 5. Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sports Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 6. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 152-050, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: medica7@gmail.com.
Abstract
AIMS: Sarcopenia measured as appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM), and central obesity measured as visceral fat area (VFA) may act synergistically to influence metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis. However, several previous studies reported that metabolic risk is higher in non-sarcopenic obesity groups than in sarcopenic obesity groups because of the close relationship between muscle mass and body fat. We investigated the association of the ASM to VFA ratio, which we have termed the muscle-to-fat ratio (MFR), with metabolic syndrome and arterial stiffness. METHODS: This study was performed in 526 apparently healthy adults enrolled in the Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study, an ongoing prospective observational cohort study. ASM was evaluated with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and VFA with computed tomography. Arterial stiffness was measured using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). RESULTS: MFR was significantly associated with waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profiles, glucose and baPWV. By multiple logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for metabolic syndrome was 5.43 (lowest versus highest tertile of MFR, 95% confidence interval, 2.56-13.34). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that MFR was an independent determinant of baPWV (R²=0.57). CONCLUSIONS: MFR, a new index of sarcopenic obesity, showed an independent negative association with metabolic syndrome and arterial stiffness.
AIMS: Sarcopenia measured as appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM), and central obesity measured as visceral fat area (VFA) may act synergistically to influence metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis. However, several previous studies reported that metabolic risk is higher in non-sarcopenic obesity groups than in sarcopenic obesity groups because of the close relationship between muscle mass and body fat. We investigated the association of the ASM to VFA ratio, which we have termed the muscle-to-fat ratio (MFR), with metabolic syndrome and arterial stiffness. METHODS: This study was performed in 526 apparently healthy adults enrolled in the Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study, an ongoing prospective observational cohort study. ASM was evaluated with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and VFA with computed tomography. Arterial stiffness was measured using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). RESULTS: MFR was significantly associated with waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profiles, glucose and baPWV. By multiple logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for metabolic syndrome was 5.43 (lowest versus highest tertile of MFR, 95% confidence interval, 2.56-13.34). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that MFR was an independent determinant of baPWV (R²=0.57). CONCLUSIONS: MFR, a new index of sarcopenic obesity, showed an independent negative association with metabolic syndrome and arterial stiffness.
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