OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the effect of social context and gender on persistence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children of early and middle school years. The study compared persistence of DSM-IV ADHD and ADHD not otherwise specified (NOS) over 2 years in two groups of Puerto Rican children. METHOD: A three-wave study obtained data on Puerto Rican children 5 through 13 years of age at baseline. Samples were drawn in the South Bronx in New York (n = 1,138) and two metropolitan areas in Puerto Rico (n = 1,353). The Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV was used to diagnose ADHD and ADHD-NOS. RESULTS: ADHD or ADHD-NOS diagnosis at wave 1 strongly predicted disorder at waves 2 and 3. ADHD had a significantly stronger predictive effect than ADHD-NOS consistently across site and gender. There was a significant interaction with baseline age. For those younger at baseline, the strength of the prediction of ADHD-NOS was relatively weak; for older children, the presence of ADHD-NOS at baseline predicted risk of subsequent ADHD or ADHD-NOS. CONCLUSIONS: Persistence of ADHD in children of similar ethnicity does not manifest differently across context and gender. Results suggest that age-specific symptom criteria and modification of age-of-onset criteria should be considered for the diagnosis.
OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the effect of social context and gender on persistence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children of early and middle school years. The study compared persistence of DSM-IV ADHD and ADHD not otherwise specified (NOS) over 2 years in two groups of Puerto Rican children. METHOD: A three-wave study obtained data on Puerto Rican children 5 through 13 years of age at baseline. Samples were drawn in the South Bronx in New York (n = 1,138) and two metropolitan areas in Puerto Rico (n = 1,353). The Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV was used to diagnose ADHD and ADHD-NOS. RESULTS:ADHD or ADHD-NOS diagnosis at wave 1 strongly predicted disorder at waves 2 and 3. ADHD had a significantly stronger predictive effect than ADHD-NOS consistently across site and gender. There was a significant interaction with baseline age. For those younger at baseline, the strength of the prediction of ADHD-NOS was relatively weak; for older children, the presence of ADHD-NOS at baseline predicted risk of subsequent ADHD or ADHD-NOS. CONCLUSIONS: Persistence of ADHD in children of similar ethnicity does not manifest differently across context and gender. Results suggest that age-specific symptom criteria and modification of age-of-onset criteria should be considered for the diagnosis.
Authors: Hector R Bird; Patrick E Shrout; Mark Davies; Glorisa Canino; Cristiane S Duarte; S A Shen; Rolf Loeber Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2007-01 Impact factor: 8.829
Authors: Héctor R Bird; Mark Davies; Cristiane S Duarte; S A Shen; Rolf Loeber; Glorisa J Canino Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2006-09 Impact factor: 8.829
Authors: Benjamin B Lahey; Cynthia M Hartung; Jan Loney; William E Pelham; Andrea M Chronis; Steve S Lee Journal: J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol Date: 2007 Apr-Jun
Authors: Hector R Bird; Patrick E Shrout; Cristiane S Duarte; Sa Shen; José J Bauermeister; Glorisa Canino Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2008-08 Impact factor: 8.829
Authors: Richard D Todd; Hongyan Huang; Alexandre A Todorov; Rosalind J Neuman; Angela M Reiersen; Cynthia A Henderson; Wendy C Reich Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2008-01 Impact factor: 8.829
Authors: Ujjwal P Ramtekkar; Angela M Reiersen; Alexandre A Todorov; Richard D Todd Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2010-03 Impact factor: 8.829
Authors: Andrew S Rowland; Betty J Skipper; David M Umbach; David L Rabiner; Richard A Campbell; Albert J Naftel; Dale P Sandler Journal: J Atten Disord Date: 2013-12-11 Impact factor: 3.256
Authors: Els F van den Ban; Patrick C Souverein; Herman van Engeland; Hanna Swaab; Toine C G Egberts; Eibert R Heerdink Journal: Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol Date: 2015-05-28 Impact factor: 4.328
Authors: Joseph R Holbrook; Steven P Cuffe; Bo Cai; Susanna N Visser; Melinda S Forthofer; Matteo Bottai; Andrew Ortaglia; Robert E McKeown Journal: J Atten Disord Date: 2014-07-03 Impact factor: 3.256
Authors: Khushmand Rajendran; Joey W Trampush; David Rindskopf; David J Marks; Sarah O'Neill; Jeffrey M Halperin Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2013-10 Impact factor: 18.112