BACKGROUND: Total body iron calculated from serum ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor concentrations allows for the evaluation of the full range of iron status. OBJECTIVE: We described the distribution of total body iron and the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) on the basis of total body iron in US pregnant women. DESIGN: We examined data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 1999-2006 for 1171 pregnant women. RESULTS: ID prevalence (±SE) in US pregnant women, which was defined as total body iron <0 mg/kg, was 18.0 ± 1.4%. Pregnant women in the first trimester had a higher mean total body iron than did pregnant women in the second or third trimesters. ID prevalence in pregnant women increased significantly with each trimester (6.9 ± 2.2%, 14.3 ± 2.1%, and 29.5 ± 2.7% in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively). Pregnant women with parity ≥2 had the lowest mean total body iron and the highest prevalence of ID compared with values for pregnant women with parity of 0 or 1. The ID prevalence in non-Hispanic white pregnant women was significantly lower than in Mexican American or non-Hispanic black pregnant women. The mean total body iron and the prevalence of ID did not differ by educational level or by family income. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, these are the first data on total body iron distributions for a representative sample of US pregnant women. Low total body iron is more prevalent in pregnant women in the second or third trimesters, in Mexican American pregnant women, in non-Hispanic black pregnant women, and in women with parity ≥2.
BACKGROUND: Total body iron calculated from serum ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor concentrations allows for the evaluation of the full range of iron status. OBJECTIVE: We described the distribution of total body iron and the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) on the basis of total body iron in US pregnant women. DESIGN: We examined data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 1999-2006 for 1171 pregnant women. RESULTS: ID prevalence (±SE) in US pregnant women, which was defined as total body iron <0 mg/kg, was 18.0 ± 1.4%. Pregnant women in the first trimester had a higher mean total body iron than did pregnant women in the second or third trimesters. ID prevalence in pregnant women increased significantly with each trimester (6.9 ± 2.2%, 14.3 ± 2.1%, and 29.5 ± 2.7% in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively). Pregnant women with parity ≥2 had the lowest mean total body iron and the highest prevalence of ID compared with values for pregnant women with parity of 0 or 1. The ID prevalence in non-Hispanic white pregnant women was significantly lower than in Mexican American or non-Hispanic black pregnant women. The mean total body iron and the prevalence of ID did not differ by educational level or by family income. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, these are the first data on total body iron distributions for a representative sample of US pregnant women. Low total body iron is more prevalent in pregnant women in the second or third trimesters, in Mexican American pregnant women, in non-Hispanic black pregnant women, and in women with parity ≥2.
Authors: Stephanie A Leonard; Elliott K Main; Karen A Scott; Jochen Profit; Suzan L Carmichael Journal: Ann Epidemiol Date: 2019-02-28 Impact factor: 3.797
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