Lynette M Brown1, Hubert Chen2, Scott Halpern3, Darren Taichman3, Michael D McGoon4, Harrison W Farber5, Adaani E Frost6, Theodore G Liou7, Michelle Turner8, Kathy Feldkircher9, Dave P Miller8, C Gregory Elliott10. 1. Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, UT; Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Division, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT. 2. Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, University of California, San Francisco, CA. 3. Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. 4. Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. 5. Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA. 6. Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. 7. Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Division, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT. 8. Statistical Analysis, ICON Clinical Research, San Francisco, CA. 9. Clinical Operations, Actelion Pharmaceuticals US, Inc, South San Francisco, CA. 10. Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, UT; Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Division, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT. Electronic address: greg.elliott@imail.org.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and fatal disorder. Despite the emergence of effective therapy, PAH is commonly at an advanced stage when recognized. Factors associated with a prolonged symptomatic period before the recognition of PAH have not been fully evaluated. METHODS: The Registry to Evaluate Early and Long-term PAH Disease Management (REVEAL Registry) enrolled 2,967 US adult patients with PAH from March 2006 to September 2007. Patients were considered to have delayed disease recognition if > 2 years elapsed between symptom onset and the patient receiving a PAH diagnosis, starting on PAH-specific therapy, or receiving a diagnosis by right-sided heart catheterization. RESULTS: In 21.1% of patients, symptoms were experienced for > 2 years before PAH was recognized. Patients with onset of PAH symptoms before age 36 years showed the highest likelihood of delayed disease recognition (OR, 3.07; 95% CI, 2.03-4.66). History of obstructive airways disease (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.5-2.47) and sleep apnea (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.33-2.22) were independently associated with delayed PAH recognition. Six-minute walk distance < 250 m (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.16-3.13), right atrial pressure < 10 mm Hg (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.26-2.48), and pulmonary vascular resistance < 10 Wood units (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.02-1.60) were also associated with delayed disease recognition, but sex, race/ethnicity, and geographic region showed no association. CONCLUSIONS: One in five patients in the REVEAL Registry who were diagnosed with PAH reported symptoms for > 2 years before their disease was recognized. Younger individuals and patients with histories of common respiratory disorders were most likely to experience delayed PAH recognition. TRIAL REGISTRY: ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT00370214; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND:Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and fatal disorder. Despite the emergence of effective therapy, PAH is commonly at an advanced stage when recognized. Factors associated with a prolonged symptomatic period before the recognition of PAH have not been fully evaluated. METHODS: The Registry to Evaluate Early and Long-term PAH Disease Management (REVEAL Registry) enrolled 2,967 US adult patients with PAH from March 2006 to September 2007. Patients were considered to have delayed disease recognition if > 2 years elapsed between symptom onset and the patient receiving a PAH diagnosis, starting on PAH-specific therapy, or receiving a diagnosis by right-sided heart catheterization. RESULTS: In 21.1% of patients, symptoms were experienced for > 2 years before PAH was recognized. Patients with onset of PAH symptoms before age 36 years showed the highest likelihood of delayed disease recognition (OR, 3.07; 95% CI, 2.03-4.66). History of obstructive airways disease (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.5-2.47) and sleep apnea (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.33-2.22) were independently associated with delayed PAH recognition. Six-minute walk distance < 250 m (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.16-3.13), right atrial pressure < 10 mm Hg (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.26-2.48), and pulmonary vascular resistance < 10 Wood units (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.02-1.60) were also associated with delayed disease recognition, but sex, race/ethnicity, and geographic region showed no association. CONCLUSIONS: One in five patients in the REVEAL Registry who were diagnosed with PAH reported symptoms for > 2 years before their disease was recognized. Younger individuals and patients with histories of common respiratory disorders were most likely to experience delayed PAH recognition. TRIAL REGISTRY: ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT00370214; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov.
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