Perception of articulatory dynamics from acoustic signatures.

This study investigated the degree to which the articulatory trajectory of the tongue dorsum in the production of a vowel-vowel sequence is perceptually relevant. Previous research has shown that the tongue dorsum takes a path that leads to a pattern of area function change, termed the pivot pattern. In this study, articulatory synthesis was used to generate paths of tongue motion for the production of the vowel sequence /ai/. These paths differed in their curvature, leading to stimuli that conform to the pivot pattern and stimuli that violate it. Participants gave naturalness ratings and discriminated the stimuli. The acoustic properties were also compared to acoustic measurements made on productions of /ai/ by 34 speakers. The curvature of the tongue path and the curvature of the F1-F2 trajectory correlate highly with the naturalness-rating task results, but not the discrimination results. However, the particular way in which constriction location changes, particularly whether the change is discrete or continuous, and the maximal velocity of F2 through the transition, explain the perceptual patterns evident in both perception tasks, as well as the patterns in the observed acoustic data. Consequences of these results for the links between production and perception and the segmentation problem are discussed.