RATIONALE: The long-term respiratory sequelae of infants born extremely preterm (EP) and now graduating from neonatal intensive care remains uncertain. OBJECTIVES: To assess the degree of respiratory morbidity and functional impairment at 11 years in children born EP (i.e., at or less than 25 completed weeks of gestation) in relation to neonatal determinants and current clinical status. METHODS: Pre- and postbronchodilator spirometry were undertaken at school in children born EP and classroom control subjects. Physical examination and respiratory health questionnaires were completed. Multivariable regression was used to estimate the predictive power of potential determinants of lung function. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Spirometry was obtained in 182 of 219 children born EP (129 with prior bronchopulmonary dysplasia [BPD]) and 161 of 169 classmates, matched for age, sex, and ethnic group. Children born EP had significantly more chest deformities and respiratory symptoms than classmates, with twice as many (25 vs. 13%; P < 0.01) having a current diagnosis of asthma. Baseline spirometry was significantly reduced (P < 0.001) and bronchodilator responsiveness was increased in those born EP, the changes being most marked in those with prior BPD. EP birth, BPD, current symptoms, and treatment with beta-agonists are each associated independently with lung function z-scores (adjusted for age, sex, and height) at 11 years. Fifty-six percent of children born EP had abnormal baseline spirometry and 27% had a positive bronchodilator response, but less than half of those with impaired lung function were receiving any medication. CONCLUSIONS: After extremely preterm birth, impaired lung function and increased respiratory morbidity persist into middle childhood, especially among those with BPD. Many of these children may not be receiving appropriate treatment.
RATIONALE: The long-term respiratory sequelae of infants born extremely preterm (EP) and now graduating from neonatal intensive care remains uncertain. OBJECTIVES: To assess the degree of respiratory morbidity and functional impairment at 11 years in children born EP (i.e., at or less than 25 completed weeks of gestation) in relation to neonatal determinants and current clinical status. METHODS: Pre- and postbronchodilator spirometry were undertaken at school in children born EP and classroom control subjects. Physical examination and respiratory health questionnaires were completed. Multivariable regression was used to estimate the predictive power of potential determinants of lung function. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Spirometry was obtained in 182 of 219 children born EP (129 with prior bronchopulmonary dysplasia [BPD]) and 161 of 169 classmates, matched for age, sex, and ethnic group. Children born EP had significantly more chest deformities and respiratory symptoms than classmates, with twice as many (25 vs. 13%; P < 0.01) having a current diagnosis of asthma. Baseline spirometry was significantly reduced (P < 0.001) and bronchodilator responsiveness was increased in those born EP, the changes being most marked in those with prior BPD. EP birth, BPD, current symptoms, and treatment with beta-agonists are each associated independently with lung function z-scores (adjusted for age, sex, and height) at 11 years. Fifty-six percent of children born EP had abnormal baseline spirometry and 27% had a positive bronchodilator response, but less than half of those with impaired lung function were receiving any medication. CONCLUSIONS: After extremely preterm birth, impaired lung function and increased respiratory morbidity persist into middle childhood, especially among those with BPD. Many of these children may not be receiving appropriate treatment.
Authors: Lucia Jane Smith; Peter Paul van Asperen; Karen Olwyn McKay; Hiran Selvadurai; Dominic Adam Fitzgerald Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2008-08 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: P M Wong; A N Lees; J Louw; F Y Lee; N French; K Gain; C P Murray; A Wilson; D C Chambers Journal: Eur Respir J Date: 2008-04-02 Impact factor: 16.671
Authors: Michael A O'Reilly; Shauna H Marr; Min Yee; Sharon A McGrath-Morrow; B Paige Lawrence Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2008-02-21 Impact factor: 21.405
Authors: Indra Narang; Mark Rosenthal; David Cremonesini; Mike Silverman; Andrew Bush Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2008-04-17 Impact factor: 21.405
Authors: E E Sarria; R Mattiello; L Rao; C J Tiller; B Poindexter; K E Applegate; J Granroth-Cook; C Denski; J Nguyen; Z Yu; E Hoffman; R S Tepper Journal: Eur Respir J Date: 2011-10-17 Impact factor: 16.671
Authors: Hua Wang; Anjum Jafri; Richard J Martin; Jerry Nnanabu; Carol Farver; Y S Prakash; Peter M MacFarlane Journal: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Date: 2014-06-20 Impact factor: 5.464
Authors: Jean F Regal; B Paige Lawrence; Alex C Johnson; Sarah J Lojovich; Michael A O'Reilly Journal: Pediatr Allergy Immunol Date: 2014-02-13 Impact factor: 6.377
Authors: Mary E Robbins; Duaa Dakhlallah; Clay B Marsh; Lynette K Rogers; Trent E Tipple Journal: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Date: 2016-09-30 Impact factor: 5.464
Authors: Manjith Narayanan; Caroline S Beardsmore; John Owers-Bradley; Cristian M Dogaru; Marius Mada; Iain Ball; Ruslan R Garipov; Claudia E Kuehni; Ben D Spycher; Michael Silverman Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2013-05-15 Impact factor: 21.405