BACKGROUND: Long-term outcome in back pain is related mainly to cognitive factors such as pain-related beliefs and expectations. Most research has been performed on patient samples. PURPOSE: This study aimed at investigating changes over time in reported back pain, pain intensity, disability, health care consumption, and sick leave as well as biopsychosocial factors over a 12-month period. A second aim was to identify predictors of reported pain, pain intensity, disability, health care consumption, and sick leave. METHOD: As parts of a large back pain sample from a general population (n = 1,024), two groups-one with first-episode pain (n = 77) and one with long-term pain (n = 302)-responded twice to a self-administered questionnaire. Among participants reporting pain at both assessments, changes over time were analyzed and predictive models were tested. RESULTS: Generally, the results demonstrated overall stability in the self-reports over time. However, reported pain decreased in both groups, while pain catastrophizing and pain expectations increased in the first-episode group. Pain intensity and disability were predicted in regression models including four cognitive factors and initially reported levels of pain intensity and disability. CONCLUSION: The significance of pain-related beliefs and expectations both in early and later stages of a back pain condition is pointed out. The results in this study based on a sample from the general population are in line with previous research on patient samples.
BACKGROUND: Long-term outcome in back pain is related mainly to cognitive factors such as pain-related beliefs and expectations. Most research has been performed on patient samples. PURPOSE: This study aimed at investigating changes over time in reported back pain, pain intensity, disability, health care consumption, and sick leave as well as biopsychosocial factors over a 12-month period. A second aim was to identify predictors of reported pain, pain intensity, disability, health care consumption, and sick leave. METHOD: As parts of a large back pain sample from a general population (n = 1,024), two groups-one with first-episode pain (n = 77) and one with long-term pain (n = 302)-responded twice to a self-administered questionnaire. Among participants reporting pain at both assessments, changes over time were analyzed and predictive models were tested. RESULTS: Generally, the results demonstrated overall stability in the self-reports over time. However, reported pain decreased in both groups, while pain catastrophizing and pain expectations increased in the first-episode group. Pain intensity and disability were predicted in regression models including four cognitive factors and initially reported levels of pain intensity and disability. CONCLUSION: The significance of pain-related beliefs and expectations both in early and later stages of a back pain condition is pointed out. The results in this study based on a sample from the general population are in line with previous research on patient samples.
Authors: Dennis R Wahlgren; Hampton J Atkinson; JoAnne E Epping-Jordan; Rebecca A Williams; Sheri D Pruitt; Joshua C Klapow; Thomas L Patterson; Igor Grant; John S Webster; Mark A Slater Journal: Pain Date: 1997-11 Impact factor: 6.961
Authors: Hugo Wallén; Perjohan Lindfors; Erik Andersson; Erik Hedman-Lagerlöf; Hugo Hesser; Nils Lindefors; Cecilia Svanborg; Brjánn Ljótsson Journal: BMC Gastroenterol Date: 2021-07-13 Impact factor: 3.067
Authors: Gwenllian Wynne-Jones; Jemma Cowen; Joanne L Jordan; Olalekan Uthman; Chris J Main; Nick Glozier; Danielle van der Windt Journal: Occup Environ Med Date: 2013-11-01 Impact factor: 4.402