OBJECTIVE: To synthesize and complete in vitro characterization of a novel, tumor-targeted nanodevice for visible intraoperative delineation of brain tumors. METHODS: The ability of dye-loaded polyacrylamide nanoparticles (NP) containing methylene blue, Coomassie blue, or indocyanine green to cause color change in the 9L glioma cell lines was evaluated. Cells were incubated with dye-loaded NPs, photographed, and analyzed colorimetrically. Confocal microscopy was used to determine subcellular localization of NPs in treated cells. RESULTS: Incubation of glioma cell lines with dye-loaded NPs resulted in clearly visible, quantifiable cell tagging in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Dye-loaded NPs were observed to bind to the surface and become internalized by glioma cells. Coating the NP surface with F3, a peptide that binds to the tumor cell surface receptor nucleolin, significantly increased NP affinity for glioma cells. F3 targeting also significantly increased the rate of cell tagging by dye-loaded NPs. Finally, F3-targeted NPs demonstrated specificity for targeting various cancer cell lines based on their surface expression of cell surface nucleolin. CONCLUSION: F3-targeted dye-loaded NPs efficiently cause definitive color change in glioma cells. This report represents the first use of targeted NPs to cause a visible color change in tumor cell lines. Similar nanodevices may be used in the future to enable visible intraoperative tumor delineation during tumor resection.
OBJECTIVE: To synthesize and complete in vitro characterization of a novel, tumor-targeted nanodevice for visible intraoperative delineation of brain tumors. METHODS: The ability of dye-loaded polyacrylamide nanoparticles (NP) containing methylene blue, Coomassie blue, or indocyanine green to cause color change in the 9L glioma cell lines was evaluated. Cells were incubated with dye-loaded NPs, photographed, and analyzed colorimetrically. Confocal microscopy was used to determine subcellular localization of NPs in treated cells. RESULTS: Incubation of glioma cell lines with dye-loaded NPs resulted in clearly visible, quantifiable cell tagging in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Dye-loaded NPs were observed to bind to the surface and become internalized by glioma cells. Coating the NP surface with F3, a peptide that binds to the tumor cell surface receptor nucleolin, significantly increased NP affinity for glioma cells. F3 targeting also significantly increased the rate of cell tagging by dye-loaded NPs. Finally, F3-targeted NPs demonstrated specificity for targeting various cancer cell lines based on their surface expression of cell surface nucleolin. CONCLUSION: F3-targeted dye-loaded NPs efficiently cause definitive color change in glioma cells. This report represents the first use of targeted NPs to cause a visible color change in tumor cell lines. Similar nanodevices may be used in the future to enable visible intraoperative tumor delineation during tumor resection.
Authors: Yong-Eun Lee Koo; G Ramachandra Reddy; Mahaveer Bhojani; Randy Schneider; Martin A Philbert; Alnawaz Rehemtulla; Brian D Ross; Raoul Kopelman Journal: Adv Drug Deliv Rev Date: 2006-09-28 Impact factor: 15.470
Authors: Sven Christian; Jan Pilch; Maria E Akerman; Kimmo Porkka; Pirjo Laakkonen; Erkki Ruoslahti Journal: J Cell Biol Date: 2003-11-24 Impact factor: 10.539
Authors: Brian W Pogue; Summer Gibbs-Strauss; Pablo A Valdés; Kimberley Samkoe; David W Roberts; Keith D Paulsen Journal: IEEE J Sel Top Quantum Electron Date: 2010-05 Impact factor: 4.544