OBJECTIVE: To compare the accuracy of four scales, and to determine the inter-rater reliability and the influence of schooling on Clock Drawing Test performance in screening for dementia in elderly with low educational level. DESIGN: Criterion validation, concurrent type. SETTING: Outpatient unit of Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Hospital, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 306 individuals (> or = 65 years) were assessed by a geriatrician and a neuropsychologist using functional and cognitive instruments. The diagnosis of dementia was established by consensus in a meeting between these professionals. Four different researchers blinded as to the cognitive status of the patients scored the Clock Drawing Test using Shulman's, Sunderland's, Manos', and Wolf-Klein's methods; and a fifth researcher assessed Manos' method for an inter-rater reliability study. RESULTS: The data of 211 individuals (< or = 4 years of schooling) were analyzed. The sensitivity and specificity of the four methods were similar (about 65%). The inter-rater reliability of Manos' method was excellent (ICC = 0.944). The areas under the ROC curves were small (0.657 to 0.681), and the differences between them were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The Clock Drawing Test is a reliable but not valid test to screen for dementia in older outpatients with 4 or less years of formal schooling.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the accuracy of four scales, and to determine the inter-rater reliability and the influence of schooling on Clock Drawing Test performance in screening for dementia in elderly with low educational level. DESIGN: Criterion validation, concurrent type. SETTING:Outpatient unit of Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Hospital, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 306 individuals (> or = 65 years) were assessed by a geriatrician and a neuropsychologist using functional and cognitive instruments. The diagnosis of dementia was established by consensus in a meeting between these professionals. Four different researchers blinded as to the cognitive status of the patients scored the Clock Drawing Test using Shulman's, Sunderland's, Manos', and Wolf-Klein's methods; and a fifth researcher assessed Manos' method for an inter-rater reliability study. RESULTS: The data of 211 individuals (< or = 4 years of schooling) were analyzed. The sensitivity and specificity of the four methods were similar (about 65%). The inter-rater reliability of Manos' method was excellent (ICC = 0.944). The areas under the ROC curves were small (0.657 to 0.681), and the differences between them were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The Clock Drawing Test is a reliable but not valid test to screen for dementia in older outpatients with 4 or less years of formal schooling.
Authors: M S Yassuda; A Lopes; M Cachioni; D V S Falcao; S S T Batistoni; V V Guimaraes; A L Neri Journal: J Nutr Health Aging Date: 2012-01 Impact factor: 4.075
Authors: Eliasz Engelhardt; Carla Tocquer; Charles André; Denise Madeira Moreira; Ivan Hideyo Okamoto; José Luiz de Sá Cavalcanti Journal: Dement Neuropsychol Date: 2011 Oct-Dec
Authors: Márcia L F Chaves; Claudia C Godinho; Claudia S Porto; Leticia Mansur; Maria Teresa Carthery-Goulart; Mônica S Yassuda; Rogério Beato Journal: Dement Neuropsychol Date: 2011 Jul-Sep