[Extraembryonic endoderm stem cell lines from common voles of the genus Microtus].

Twenty-eight independent extraembryonic endoderm (XEN) stem cell lines have been obtained from morula and blastocyst cells of common voles. Most cell lines form very few cell-cell contacts when growing and morphologically correspond to the XEN that were earlier described in mice. In addition, XEN cell lines with atypical morphology forming colonies have been obtained for the first time. Both types of XEN lines rapidly proliferate, retain their morphology and karyotype during more than 25 passages in cell culture, and express genes characteristic of XEN. One of two X chromosomes in XEN lines with karyotype XX has been shown to be inactive and associated with the Xist gene transcript. It has been demonstrated that the paternal X chromosome is inactive.