Adam R Sawyer1, Marlene See, Charles Nduka. 1. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Queen Victoria Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, West Sussex, England. drasawyer@hotmail.com
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: There is little research into analyzing whether facial expression changes are secondary to actual treatment or normal day-to-day variation. This study aims to ascertain whether nine-facial expressions were reproducible. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirty-nine white subjects performed nine-facial expressions, captured by three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry in three sessions. After initial capture (session 1), each expression was repeated after 15 minutes (session 2) and then 4 weeks (session 3) after the initial session. Statistical analysis was performed on the mean variability of facial landmarks between session 1 and 2 and session 1 and 3. RESULTS: Repose was the most reproducible expression. The least reproducible was "blow-out-the-cheeks." Analysis between session 1 and 2 showed no significant differences in expression reproducibility. Analysis between session 1 and 3 showed significant differences for the "smile-with-lips-open" and "blow-out-the-cheeks" expressions. CONCLUSION: Facial expressions are reproducible in a 15-minute period. There are significant differences in the ability to reproduce facial expressions 4 weeks apart for "smile-with-lips-open" and "blow-out-the-cheeks."
OBJECTIVE: There is little research into analyzing whether facial expression changes are secondary to actual treatment or normal day-to-day variation. This study aims to ascertain whether nine-facial expressions were reproducible. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirty-nine white subjects performed nine-facial expressions, captured by three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry in three sessions. After initial capture (session 1), each expression was repeated after 15 minutes (session 2) and then 4 weeks (session 3) after the initial session. Statistical analysis was performed on the mean variability of facial landmarks between session 1 and 2 and session 1 and 3. RESULTS: Repose was the most reproducible expression. The least reproducible was "blow-out-the-cheeks." Analysis between session 1 and 2 showed no significant differences in expression reproducibility. Analysis between session 1 and 3 showed significant differences for the "smile-with-lips-open" and "blow-out-the-cheeks" expressions. CONCLUSION: Facial expressions are reproducible in a 15-minute period. There are significant differences in the ability to reproduce facial expressions 4 weeks apart for "smile-with-lips-open" and "blow-out-the-cheeks."
Authors: E Chung; M A Marchetti; A Scope; S W Dusza; M Fonseca; D DaSilva; S Bajaj; A C Geller; M Bishop; A A Marghoob; A C Halpern Journal: Br J Dermatol Date: 2016-10-13 Impact factor: 9.302
Authors: Maria H J Hollander; Joep Kraeima; Anne M L Meesters; Konstantina Delli; Arjan Vissink; Johan Jansma; Rutger H Schepers Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2021-02-11 Impact factor: 4.379