BACKGROUND: Preoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients scheduled for elective open-heart surgery is a well-known phenomenon. The cut and sew Maze procedure or variant Maze procedures abolish AF in 45-95% of patients during short- to intermediate-term follow-up. We determined preoperative and postoperative factors predictive of sustained sinus rhythm (SR) and recurrent AF in an elderly cohort of patients with structural heart disease who underwent cardiac surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From November 1995 to November 2003, 285 patients with structural heart disease and permanent AF were scheduled for elective cardiac surgery. All patients underwent a radiofrequency (RF) modified Maze procedure as an adjunct to the open-heart operation. Patients were followed in the outpatient clinic or follow-up data were obtained from attending doctors. Patients are being followed in an ongoing registry; however for the patients who are the subject of this paper follow-up ended November 2006. Preoperative factors predicting recurrent AF postoperatively were assessed, as were factors associated with sustained SR. RESULTS: Two hundred and eighty-five patients (mean age 68.0+/-9.6 years) underwent a total of 655 open-heart procedures and concomitant RF Maze surgery. In-hospital mortality was 4.6% (13 patients). Mean and median duration of AF were 60.9+/-68.7 months and 26 months (range 6-396), respectively. Median follow-up was 36.5 months (range 27-114 months). Sustained SR, including atrial rhythm or an atrial-based paced rhythm was present in 59% of patients at 1 year, in 54.4% at 3 years, in 53.4% at 5 years and in 57.1% of patients at the latest follow-up. Stroke was reported in six patients (2.1%). Factors predictive of postoperative AF recurrence were duration of permanent AF, preoperative atrial fibrillation wave and preoperative left atrial (LA) size. Postoperative angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy was associated with SR during follow-up. LA size decreased during follow-up in patients with sustained SR, whereas LA size increased in case of recurrent AF. CONCLUSIONS: In this group of elderly patients with permanent AF in the setting of structural heart disease who underwent cardiac surgery and a RF Maze procedure as a concomitant procedure, the duration of AF, preoperative atrial fibrillation wave and preoperative LA size were predictive of recurrent AF, whereas left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular diameters and invasive hemodynamic parameters were not. Postoperative ACE inhibitor therapy was associated with sustained SR. Furthermore, sustained SR after RF Maze surgery was associated with decreased LA dimensions.
BACKGROUND: Preoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients scheduled for elective open-heart surgery is a well-known phenomenon. The cut and sew Maze procedure or variant Maze procedures abolish AF in 45-95% of patients during short- to intermediate-term follow-up. We determined preoperative and postoperative factors predictive of sustained sinus rhythm (SR) and recurrent AF in an elderly cohort of patients with structural heart disease who underwent cardiac surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From November 1995 to November 2003, 285 patients with structural heart disease and permanent AF were scheduled for elective cardiac surgery. All patients underwent a radiofrequency (RF) modified Maze procedure as an adjunct to the open-heart operation. Patients were followed in the outpatient clinic or follow-up data were obtained from attending doctors. Patients are being followed in an ongoing registry; however for the patients who are the subject of this paper follow-up ended November 2006. Preoperative factors predicting recurrent AF postoperatively were assessed, as were factors associated with sustained SR. RESULTS: Two hundred and eighty-five patients (mean age 68.0+/-9.6 years) underwent a total of 655 open-heart procedures and concomitant RF Maze surgery. In-hospital mortality was 4.6% (13 patients). Mean and median duration of AF were 60.9+/-68.7 months and 26 months (range 6-396), respectively. Median follow-up was 36.5 months (range 27-114 months). Sustained SR, including atrial rhythm or an atrial-based paced rhythm was present in 59% of patients at 1 year, in 54.4% at 3 years, in 53.4% at 5 years and in 57.1% of patients at the latest follow-up. Stroke was reported in six patients (2.1%). Factors predictive of postoperative AF recurrence were duration of permanent AF, preoperative atrial fibrillation wave and preoperative left atrial (LA) size. Postoperative angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy was associated with SR during follow-up. LA size decreased during follow-up in patients with sustained SR, whereas LA size increased in case of recurrent AF. CONCLUSIONS: In this group of elderly patients with permanent AF in the setting of structural heart disease who underwent cardiac surgery and a RF Maze procedure as a concomitant procedure, the duration of AF, preoperative atrial fibrillation wave and preoperative LA size were predictive of recurrent AF, whereas left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular diameters and invasive hemodynamic parameters were not. Postoperative ACE inhibitor therapy was associated with sustained SR. Furthermore, sustained SR after RF Maze surgery was associated with decreased LA dimensions.
Authors: Sanjiv M Narayan; David E Krummen; Kalyanam Shivkumar; Paul Clopton; Wouter-Jan Rappel; John M Miller Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2012-07-18 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: Robbert C Bakker; Sakir Akin; Dimitris Rizopoulos; Charles Kik; Johanna J M Takkenberg; Ad J J C Bogers Journal: Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg Date: 2012-10-26
Authors: Jens Cosedis Nielsen; Yenn-Jiang Lin; Marcio Jansen de Oliveira Figueiredo; Alireza Sepehri Shamloo; Alberto Alfie; Serge Boveda; Nikolaos Dagres; Dario Di Toro; Lee L Eckhardt; Kenneth Ellenbogen; Carina Hardy; Takanori Ikeda; Aparna Jaswal; Elizabeth Kaufman; Andrew Krahn; Kengo Kusano; Valentina Kutyifa; Han S Lim; Gregory Y H Lip; Santiago Nava-Townsend; Hui-Nam Pak; Gerardo Rodríguez Diez; William Sauer; Anil Saxena; Jesper Hastrup Svendsen; Diego Vanegas; Marmar Vaseghi; Arthur Wilde; T Jared Bunch; Alfred E Buxton; Gonzalo Calvimontes; Tze-Fan Chao; Lars Eckardt; Heidi Estner; Anne M Gillis; Rodrigo Isa; Josef Kautzner; Philippe Maury; Joshua D Moss; Gi-Byung Nam; Brian Olshansky; Luis Fernando Pava Molano; Mauricio Pimentel; Mukund Prabhu; Wendy S Tzou; Philipp Sommer; Janice Swampillai; Alejandro Vidal; Thomas Deneke; Gerhard Hindricks; Christophe Leclercq Journal: Europace Date: 2020-08-01 Impact factor: 5.214