BACKGROUND: Longitudinal studies of substance users report difficulty in locating and completing 12-month interviews, which may compromise study validity. OBJECTIVES: This study examined rates and predictors of contact difficulty and in-person follow-up completion among patients presenting with cocaine-related chest pain to an inner-city emergency department (ED). The authors hypothesize that less staff effort in contacting patients and lower follow-up rates would bias subsequent substance use analysis by missing those with heavier substance misuse. METHODS: A total of 219 patients aged 19 to 60 years (65% males; 78% African American) with cocaine-related chest pain were interviewed in the ED and then in person at 3, 6, and 12 months. Demographics, substance use measures, and amount/type of research staff contacts (telephone, letters, home visits, and locating patient during return ED visits) were recorded. Poisson and negative binomial regression analyses were conducted to predict quantity of patient contacts for the 12-month follow-up. RESULTS: Interview completion rates at 3, 6, and 12 months were 78, 82, and 80%, respectively. Average contact attempts to obtain each interview were 10 at 3 months (range 3-44), 8 at 6 months (1-31), and 8 at 12 months (1-49); 13% of patients required a home visit to complete the 12-month interview. Participants requiring more contact attempts by staff were younger and reported more frequent binge drinking at baseline (p < 0.05), but were less likely to meet criteria for substance abuse or dependence (p < 0.5), or to report prior mental health treatment (p < 0.05). Comparisons of parallel regressions predicting contact difficulty based on the entire sample, the low-effort group, and the difficult-to-reach group showed variation in findings. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that substantial staff effort is required to achieve adequate retention over 12 months of patients with substance misuse. Without these extensive efforts at follow-up, longitudinal analyses may be biased.
BACKGROUND: Longitudinal studies of substance users report difficulty in locating and completing 12-month interviews, which may compromise study validity. OBJECTIVES: This study examined rates and predictors of contact difficulty and in-person follow-up completion among patients presenting with cocaine-related chest pain to an inner-city emergency department (ED). The authors hypothesize that less staff effort in contacting patients and lower follow-up rates would bias subsequent substance use analysis by missing those with heavier substance misuse. METHODS: A total of 219 patients aged 19 to 60 years (65% males; 78% African American) with cocaine-related chest pain were interviewed in the ED and then in person at 3, 6, and 12 months. Demographics, substance use measures, and amount/type of research staff contacts (telephone, letters, home visits, and locating patient during return ED visits) were recorded. Poisson and negative binomial regression analyses were conducted to predict quantity of patient contacts for the 12-month follow-up. RESULTS: Interview completion rates at 3, 6, and 12 months were 78, 82, and 80%, respectively. Average contact attempts to obtain each interview were 10 at 3 months (range 3-44), 8 at 6 months (1-31), and 8 at 12 months (1-49); 13% of patients required a home visit to complete the 12-month interview. Participants requiring more contact attempts by staff were younger and reported more frequent binge drinking at baseline (p < 0.05), but were less likely to meet criteria for substance abuse or dependence (p < 0.5), or to report prior mental health treatment (p < 0.05). Comparisons of parallel regressions predicting contact difficulty based on the entire sample, the low-effort group, and the difficult-to-reach group showed variation in findings. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that substantial staff effort is required to achieve adequate retention over 12 months of patients with substance misuse. Without these extensive efforts at follow-up, longitudinal analyses may be biased.
Authors: Robert H Woolard; Kathleen Carty; Philip Wirtz; Richard Longabaugh; Ted D Nirenberg; P Allison Minugh; Bruce Becker; Patrick R Clifford Journal: Acad Emerg Med Date: 2004-08 Impact factor: 3.451
Authors: J K Marmor; S A Oliveria; R P Donahue; E J Garrahie; M J White; L L Moore; R C Ellison Journal: J Clin Epidemiol Date: 1991 Impact factor: 6.437
Authors: Maureen A Walton; Rebecca Cunningham; Stephen T Chermack; Shanti Tripathi; James Weber; Ronald F Maio; Brenda M Booth Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2008-08-22 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Lauren K Whiteside; Doyanne Darnell; Karlee Jackson; Jin Wang; Joan Russo; Dennis M Donovan; Douglas F Zatzick Journal: J Subst Abuse Treat Date: 2017-08-24
Authors: Jessica S Roche; Michael J Clery; Patrick M Carter; Aaron Dora-Laskey; Maureen A Walton; Quyen M Ngo; Rebecca M Cunningham Journal: Acad Emerg Med Date: 2018-10-31 Impact factor: 3.451