A unified framework for linkage and association analysis of quantitative traits.

We give a unified treatment of the statistical foundations of population based association mapping and of family based linkage mapping of quantitative traits in humans. A central ingredient in the unification involves the efficient score statistic. The discussion focuses on generalized linear models with an additional illustration of the Cox (proportional hazards) model for age of onset data. We give analytic expressions for noncentrality parameters and show how they give qualitative insight into the loss of power that occurs if the scientist's assumed genetic model differs from nature's "true" genetic model. Issues to be studied in detail in the future development of this approach are discussed.