Antibodies to mycobacterial antigens for diagnosis of tuberculosis.

In spite of the advent of several newer modalities in molecular and immunological methods of diagnosis, the diagnosis of smear negative tuberculosis is a major problem even today. Use of antibody detection ELISA for the purpose has been evaluated by many authors using a variety of antigens derived from mycobacteria. These antigens are reported to have many advantages and disadvantages. Here we review commonly used antigens used for detection of antimycobacterial antibodies for diagnosis of tuberculosis. Each antigen is reviewed for its application in diagnosis, sensitivity, specificity, cross-reactivity and clinical application.