BACKGROUND AND AIM: To date, research on the influence of environmental factors on metabolic syndrome (MS) among youths is limited. This study was conducted to investigate for the first time the association of these factors with MS in a large national, representative sample of children from a non-Western population. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study population comprised of 4811 students (2248 boys and 2563 girls) aged 6-18 years, living in six different provinces in Iran. MS, defined based on criteria analogous to those of the Adult Treatment Panel III, was detected in 14.1% of participants. A birth weight of >4000 g in boys and <2500 g in girls increased the risk of having the MS [OR, 95% CI: 1.4 (1.007, 2.05) and 1.2 (1.1, 1.4), respectively]. Poorly educated parents and a positive parental history of chronic disease were other risks factors associated with MS. Low levels of physical activity significantly increased the risk of having MS [boys: 1.3 (1.1, 1.7); girls: 1.4 (1.2, 1.6)]. The risk of MS increased in-line with the consumption of solid hydrogenated fat [boys: 1.2 (1.07, 1.3); girls, 1.3 (1.1, 1.5)] and bread made with white flour [boys: 1.6 (1.3, 2.1); girls, 1.4 (1.1, 1.7)]. In contrast, an increased frequency of consumption of fruits and vegetable, as well as dairy products decreased the risk of having MS. CONCLUSION: Considering the effect of modifiable lifestyle habits and birth weight on MS in youths, urgent public health approaches should be directed towards primordial and primary prevention of this rapidly growing problem.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: To date, research on the influence of environmental factors on metabolic syndrome (MS) among youths is limited. This study was conducted to investigate for the first time the association of these factors with MS in a large national, representative sample of children from a non-Western population. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study population comprised of 4811 students (2248 boys and 2563 girls) aged 6-18 years, living in six different provinces in Iran. MS, defined based on criteria analogous to those of the Adult Treatment Panel III, was detected in 14.1% of participants. A birth weight of >4000 g in boys and <2500 g in girls increased the risk of having the MS [OR, 95% CI: 1.4 (1.007, 2.05) and 1.2 (1.1, 1.4), respectively]. Poorly educated parents and a positive parental history of chronic disease were other risks factors associated with MS. Low levels of physical activity significantly increased the risk of having MS [boys: 1.3 (1.1, 1.7); girls: 1.4 (1.2, 1.6)]. The risk of MS increased in-line with the consumption of solid hydrogenated fat [boys: 1.2 (1.07, 1.3); girls, 1.3 (1.1, 1.5)] and bread made with white flour [boys: 1.6 (1.3, 2.1); girls, 1.4 (1.1, 1.7)]. In contrast, an increased frequency of consumption of fruits and vegetable, as well as dairy products decreased the risk of having MS. CONCLUSION: Considering the effect of modifiable lifestyle habits and birth weight on MS in youths, urgent public health approaches should be directed towards primordial and primary prevention of this rapidly growing problem.
Authors: Bo Xi; Xin'nan Zong; Roya Kelishadi; Mieczysław Litwin; Young Mi Hong; Bee Koon Poh; Lyn M Steffen; Sonya V Galcheva; Isabelle Herter-Aeberli; Tadeusz Nawarycz; Małgorzata Krzywińska-Wiewiorowska; Anuradha Khadilkar; Michael D Schmidt; Hannelore Neuhauser; Anja Schienkiewitz; Zbigniew Kułaga; Hae Soon Kim; Barbara Stawińska-Witoszyńska; Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh; Abd Talib Ruzita; Violeta M Iotova; Aneta Grajda; Mohd Noor Ismail; Alicja Krzyżaniak; Ramin Heshmat; Velin Stratev; Agnieszka Różdżyńska-Świątkowska; Gelayol Ardalan; Mostafa Qorbani; Anna Świąder-Leśniak; Lidia Ostrowska-Nawarycz; Yoto Yotov; Veena Ekbote; Vaman Khadilkar; Alison J Venn; Terence Dwyer; Min Zhao; Costan G Magnussen; Pascal Bovet Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2020-04-01 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: Ana Elisa M Rinaldi; Gustavo D Pimentel; Avany F Pereira; Gleice Fcp Gabriel; Fernando Moreto; Roberto C Burini Journal: Diabetol Metab Syndr Date: 2010-06-09 Impact factor: 3.320