BACKGROUND: Smoking is recognized as the primary behavioural risk factor for periodontal attachment loss (AL), but confirmatory data from prospective cohort studies are scarce. AIM: To quantify the association between cigarette smoking patterns and AL by age 32. METHODS: Periodontal examinations were conducted at ages 26 and 32 in a longstanding prospective study of a birth cohort born in Dunedin (New Zealand) in 1972/1973. Longitudinal categorization of smoking exposure was undertaken using data collected at ages 15, 18, 21, 26 and 32. RESULTS: Complete data were available for 810 individuals of whom 48.9% had ever smoked (31.5% were current smokers). Compared with never-smokers, long-term smokers (and other age-32 smokers) had very high odds ratios (ORs of 7.1 and 5.7, respectively) for having 1 +sites with 5 +mm AL, and were more likely to be incident cases after age 26 (ORs of 5.2 and 3.2, respectively). Two-thirds of new cases after age 26 were attributable to smoking. There were no significant differences in periodontal health between never-smokers and those who had quit smoking after age 26. CONCLUSIONS: Current and long-term smoking in young adults is detrimental to periodontal health, but smoking cessation may be associated with a relatively rapid improvement in the periodontium.
BACKGROUND: Smoking is recognized as the primary behavioural risk factor for periodontal attachment loss (AL), but confirmatory data from prospective cohort studies are scarce. AIM: To quantify the association between cigarette smoking patterns and AL by age 32. METHODS: Periodontal examinations were conducted at ages 26 and 32 in a longstanding prospective study of a birth cohort born in Dunedin (New Zealand) in 1972/1973. Longitudinal categorization of smoking exposure was undertaken using data collected at ages 15, 18, 21, 26 and 32. RESULTS: Complete data were available for 810 individuals of whom 48.9% had ever smoked (31.5% were current smokers). Compared with never-smokers, long-term smokers (and other age-32 smokers) had very high odds ratios (ORs of 7.1 and 5.7, respectively) for having 1 +sites with 5 +mm AL, and were more likely to be incident cases after age 26 (ORs of 5.2 and 3.2, respectively). Two-thirds of new cases after age 26 were attributable to smoking. There were no significant differences in periodontal health between never-smokers and those who had quit smoking after age 26. CONCLUSIONS: Current and long-term smoking in young adults is detrimental to periodontal health, but smoking cessation may be associated with a relatively rapid improvement in the periodontium.
Authors: W Murray Thomson; Dara M Shearer; Jonathan M Broadbent; Lyndie A Foster Page; Richie Poulton Journal: J Clin Periodontol Date: 2013-05-09 Impact factor: 8.728
Authors: Aderonke A Akinkugbe; Anne E Sanders; John S Preisser; Jianwen Cai; Christian R Salazar; James D Beck Journal: Community Dent Oral Epidemiol Date: 2016-12-15 Impact factor: 3.383
Authors: Aderonke A Akinkugbe; Veeral M Saraiya; John S Preisser; Steven Offenbacher; James D Beck Journal: J Clin Periodontol Date: 2015-07-14 Impact factor: 8.728
Authors: Dara M Shearer; W Murray Thomson; Jonathan M Broadbent; Jim Mann; Richie Poulton Journal: J Clin Periodontol Date: 2016-12-05 Impact factor: 8.728
Authors: Dara M Shearer; W Murray Thomson; Avshalom Caspi; Terrie E Moffitt; Jonathan M Broadbent; Richie Poulton Journal: J Clin Periodontol Date: 2011-01-31 Impact factor: 8.728