BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to elucidate the relation between respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and cytokine/chemokine concentrations, as well as the impact that these factors have on the severity of bronchiolitis. METHODS: Children <24 months old who presented to the emergency department with clinical symptoms of bronchiolitis were prospectively enrolled in the study. Nasal-wash samples were analyzed to identify viral pathogens and to quantify RSV and cytokine/chemokine concentrations. Severe cases of disease were defined as those requiring hospitalization, and severity was further determined on the basis of the duration of supplemental-oxygen and/or intravenous-fluid therapy. RESULTS: A total of 101 children were enrolled, 63 of whom were infected with RSV and 13 of whom were infected with other respiratory viruses; in 22 children, no virus was detected. RSV bronchiolitis was associated with a greater inflammatory response than was non-RSV bronchiolitis, although RSV infection was not associated with more-severe disease. Levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1beta were significantly inversely correlated with the duration of supplemental-oxygen therapy. CONCLUSION: The robust inflammatory response associated with RSV infection does not contribute to the severity of RSV bronchiolitis any more than it contributes to the severity of non-RSV bronchiolitis. Elevated levels of proinflammatory mediators IL-6, IL-8, IFN-gamma, and MIP-1beta, as well as of the regulatory cytokine IL-10, may be protective against hypoxia in bronchiolitis.
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to elucidate the relation between respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and cytokine/chemokine concentrations, as well as the impact that these factors have on the severity of bronchiolitis. METHODS:Children <24 months old who presented to the emergency department with clinical symptoms of bronchiolitis were prospectively enrolled in the study. Nasal-wash samples were analyzed to identify viral pathogens and to quantify RSV and cytokine/chemokine concentrations. Severe cases of disease were defined as those requiring hospitalization, and severity was further determined on the basis of the duration of supplemental-oxygen and/or intravenous-fluid therapy. RESULTS: A total of 101 children were enrolled, 63 of whom were infected with RSV and 13 of whom were infected with other respiratory viruses; in 22 children, no virus was detected. RSV bronchiolitis was associated with a greater inflammatory response than was non-RSV bronchiolitis, although RSV infection was not associated with more-severe disease. Levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1beta were significantly inversely correlated with the duration of supplemental-oxygen therapy. CONCLUSION: The robust inflammatory response associated with RSV infection does not contribute to the severity of RSV bronchiolitis any more than it contributes to the severity of non-RSV bronchiolitis. Elevated levels of proinflammatory mediators IL-6, IL-8, IFN-gamma, and MIP-1beta, as well as of the regulatory cytokine IL-10, may be protective against hypoxia in bronchiolitis.
Authors: Erin G Nicholson; Chelsea Schlegel; Roberto P Garofalo; Reena Mehta; Margaret Scheffler; Minghua Mei; Pedro A Piedra Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2016-05-18 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Dora Estripeaut; Juan Pablo Torres; Cynthia S Somers; Claudia Tagliabue; Shama Khokhar; Vijay G Bhoj; Steve M Grube; Aneta Wozniakowski; Ana M Gomez; Octavio Ramilo; Hasan S Jafri; Asuncion Mejias Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2008-11-15 Impact factor: 5.226
Authors: Tuula K Outinen; Satu M Mäkelä; Ilpo O Ala-Houhala; Heini Sa Huhtala; Mikko Hurme; Antti S Paakkala; Ilkka H Pörsti; Jaana T Syrjänen; Jukka T Mustonen Journal: BMC Infect Dis Date: 2010-05-25 Impact factor: 3.090
Authors: Juan Pablo Torres; Ana M Gomez; Shama Khokhar; Vijay G Bhoj; Claudia Tagliabue; Michael L Chang; Peter A Kiener; Paula A Revell; Octavio Ramilo; Asuncion Mejias Journal: Respir Res Date: 2010-09-15
Authors: Wouter A A de Steenhuijsen Piters; Santtu Heinonen; Raiza Hasrat; Eleonora Bunsow; Bennett Smith; Maria-Carmen Suarez-Arrabal; Damien Chaussabel; Daniel M Cohen; Elisabeth A M Sanders; Octavio Ramilo; Debby Bogaert; Asuncion Mejias Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2016-11-01 Impact factor: 21.405