STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of pedicle screw violation of superior nonfused facet joints adjacent to the most cephalad pedicle screws after a midline approach for lumbar fusion. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Facet-joint violations have been evaluated in patients undergoing lumbar pedicle screw instrumentation and fusion with a Wiltse muscle-splitting approach, but not via the more common midline approach. METHODS: Between 1995 and 2003, 204 patients underwent this procedure. Computed tomography scans (within 1 year postsurgery) were evaluated independently for superior facet-joint violation. chi tests were used to examine bivariate associations of superior level facet-joint violation, patient age, construct level, diagnosis, and revision status for significance (P < or = 0.05). RESULTS: Superior-level facet-joint violation occurred in 24% of patients and 15% of screws, twice as often on the left side (P = 0.0396) than on the right, more frequently in single than in multiple-level procedures (P < 0.0001), and most frequently with the most cephalad screws at L5 (48%). We found no significant associations between violation rates and other designated parameters. CONCLUSION: The left side, single-level fusion, and most cephalad pedicle screws at L5 are targets for interventions to reduce pedicle violations in this procedure.
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of pedicle screw violation of superior nonfused facet joints adjacent to the most cephalad pedicle screws after a midline approach for lumbar fusion. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Facet-joint violations have been evaluated in patients undergoing lumbar pedicle screw instrumentation and fusion with a Wiltse muscle-splitting approach, but not via the more common midline approach. METHODS: Between 1995 and 2003, 204 patients underwent this procedure. Computed tomography scans (within 1 year postsurgery) were evaluated independently for superior facet-joint violation. chi tests were used to examine bivariate associations of superior level facet-joint violation, patient age, construct level, diagnosis, and revision status for significance (P < or = 0.05). RESULTS: Superior-level facet-joint violation occurred in 24% of patients and 15% of screws, twice as often on the left side (P = 0.0396) than on the right, more frequently in single than in multiple-level procedures (P < 0.0001), and most frequently with the most cephalad screws at L5 (48%). We found no significant associations between violation rates and other designated parameters. CONCLUSION: The left side, single-level fusion, and most cephalad pedicle screws at L5 are targets for interventions to reduce pedicle violations in this procedure.
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Authors: Christoph J Siepe; Andreas Korge; Frank Grochulla; Christoph Mehren; H Michael Mayer Journal: Eur Spine J Date: 2007-10-31 Impact factor: 3.134