Inhibitory effects of some spice and herb extracts against Arcobacter butzleri, A. cryaerophilus, and A. skirrowii.

Seventeen spice and medicinal plant extracts (methanol and chloroform) were assayed for their antimicrobial activity against Arcobacter butzleri, A. cryaerophilus, and A. skirrowii. In general, all of the tested extracts were able, to a different extent, to inhibit the growth of the selected Arcobacter species. Cinnamon, bearberry, chamomile, sage and rosemary extracts showed strong antimicrobial activity toward arcobacter strains tested. Overall, the methanol extracts showed better activity than the chloroform extracts (P < 0.05); however, enhanced antibacterial activity of chloroform extracts of cinnamon and rosemary has been observed in comparison with their methanol counterparts. The inhibitory dose of the most active extracts (the diameter of zone of inhibition > or = 20 mm) was determined using the disc-diffusion method as well.