OBJECTIVE: To study daily intake of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D, to determine the biochemical findings of rickets and the effect of sunlight exposure and vitamin D supplementation in school girls with hypovitaminosis D. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on school girls aged 11-15 years selected randomly from various areas of Tehran, Iran. Dietary information and amount of sunlight exposure were estimated by a 7 day recalling method using self-reported questionnaire. Hypovitaminosis D defined as low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration with two or more others abnormal biochemical findings. Girls with hypovitaminoses D were randomly divided into two groups. The faces and hands of girls in group 1 were exposed to sunlight for one hour per day for twenty days, while those in group 2 were administered vitamin D capsules, 50,000 IU per day for the same period. RESULTS: four-hundred fourteen girls evaluated, mean daily calcium intake, sunlight exposure and vitamin D acquirement were 360 mg, 10 minutes and 119 IU, respectively. Mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 30 ng/ml among all girls whereas in 15 (3.63%) of 414 girls was 7.8 ng/ml. Abnormal biochemical findings in these girls included hypocalcemia (n=4), hypophosphatemia (n=5), raised serum alkaline phosphatase (n=13), and parathyroid hormone (n=15). After intervention, mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in sunlight exposure (n=8) and vitamin D (n=7) supplementation increased to 14.4+/-4 ng/ml and 23+/-4 ng/ml respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION:Vitamin D deficiency developed in rapid growth period of girls without clear clinical rickets in sunny temperate climate city in Iran whichvitamin D supplementation improved biochemical findings better than sunlight exposure.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: To study daily intake of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D, to determine the biochemical findings of rickets and the effect of sunlight exposure and vitamin D supplementation in school girls with hypovitaminosis D. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on school girls aged 11-15 years selected randomly from various areas of Tehran, Iran. Dietary information and amount of sunlight exposure were estimated by a 7 day recalling method using self-reported questionnaire. Hypovitaminosis D defined as low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration with two or more others abnormal biochemical findings. Girls with hypovitaminoses D were randomly divided into two groups. The faces and hands of girls in group 1 were exposed to sunlight for one hour per day for twenty days, while those in group 2 were administered vitamin D capsules, 50,000 IU per day for the same period. RESULTS: four-hundred fourteen girls evaluated, mean daily calcium intake, sunlight exposure and vitamin D acquirement were 360 mg, 10 minutes and 119 IU, respectively. Mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 30 ng/ml among all girls whereas in 15 (3.63%) of 414 girls was 7.8 ng/ml. Abnormal biochemical findings in these girls included hypocalcemia (n=4), hypophosphatemia (n=5), raised serum alkaline phosphatase (n=13), and parathyroid hormone (n=15). After intervention, mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in sunlight exposure (n=8) and vitamin D (n=7) supplementation increased to 14.4+/-4 ng/ml and 23+/-4 ng/ml respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION:Vitamin D deficiency developed in rapid growth period of girls without clear clinical rickets in sunny temperate climate city in Iran which vitamin D supplementation improved biochemical findings better than sunlight exposure.
Authors: A Mithal; D A Wahl; J-P Bonjour; P Burckhardt; B Dawson-Hughes; J A Eisman; G El-Hajj Fuleihan; R G Josse; P Lips; J Morales-Torres Journal: Osteoporos Int Date: 2009-06-19 Impact factor: 4.507
Authors: Sara Salman; Mariam Khouzami; Mirvate Harb; Bouchra Saleh; Mohammad O Boushnak; Mohamad K Moussa; Zeina H Mohsen Journal: Cureus Date: 2021-05-07
Authors: Ru Wang; Markku Alen; Zhusheng Yu; Petri Wiklund; Shu Mei Cheng; Timo Törmäkangas; Peijie Chen; Sulin Cheng Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-12-16 Impact factor: 3.240