Characterization of glyoxysomes from castor bean endosperm.

Electron micrographs are presented which establish the identity of the components of the 3 major bands observed after sucrose density centrifugation of the crude particulate fraction from the endosperm of germinating castor bean seedlings. These are: mitochondria (density 1.19 g/cc), proplastids (density 1.23 g/cc) and glyoxysomes (density 1.25 g/cc). Further evidence is provided on the enzymatic composition of the glyoxysomes. Essentially all of the particulate malate synthetase, isocitrate lyase, catalase, and glycolic oxidase is present in these organelles. The distribution of glyoxysomal enzymes on sucrose density gradients is contrasted with that of the strictly mitochondrial enzymes fumarase, NADH oxidase, and succinoxidase. Malate dehydrogenase and citrate synthetase are present in both organelles. The functional role of glyoxysomes and their relationship to cytosomes from other tissues is discussed.