OBJECTIVE: The aims of the present study were to establish reference ranges for the growth of estimated fetal weight (EFW) between gestational weeks 20 and 42 and to determine the effect of fetal and maternal factors. METHODS: This prospective longitudinal study was based on 634 low-risk pregnancies and a total of 1799 examinations. Gestational age was computed from last menstrual period. Head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length were measured using ultrasound, and EFW was calculated using the formula of Combs et al. The statistical analysis was based on regression analysis and multilevel modeling. RESULTS: Intrauterine growth expressed by EFW showed a continuous pattern until term. Males were calculated to be 5% heavier than female fetuses at 20 gestational weeks and 3% at 40 weeks. Otherwise, the fetal and maternal effects on intrauterine growth correspond to a weight shift of 1.3% for breech/nonbreech, 2.5% for each increase in maternal height tertile, and -4% for smoking/nonsmoking. Maternal age higher than 34 years had a significant increased EFW of 4.5% compared with maternal age less than 24 years. Cephalic index in the third tertile had a 1.1% lower EFW compared with the first tertile. Maternal weight, body mass index, and parity did not influence the EFW. Terms for customization to individualize the growth patterns are presented. CONCLUSIONS: The present growth chart is recommended as robust reference ranges for assessing EFW and growth. Fetal and maternal variables can be added into the models to individualize the prediction of EFW.
OBJECTIVE: The aims of the present study were to establish reference ranges for the growth of estimated fetal weight (EFW) between gestational weeks 20 and 42 and to determine the effect of fetal and maternal factors. METHODS: This prospective longitudinal study was based on 634 low-risk pregnancies and a total of 1799 examinations. Gestational age was computed from last menstrual period. Head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length were measured using ultrasound, and EFW was calculated using the formula of Combs et al. The statistical analysis was based on regression analysis and multilevel modeling. RESULTS: Intrauterine growth expressed by EFW showed a continuous pattern until term. Males were calculated to be 5% heavier than female fetuses at 20 gestational weeks and 3% at 40 weeks. Otherwise, the fetal and maternal effects on intrauterine growth correspond to a weight shift of 1.3% for breech/nonbreech, 2.5% for each increase in maternal height tertile, and -4% for smoking/nonsmoking. Maternal age higher than 34 years had a significant increased EFW of 4.5% compared with maternal age less than 24 years. Cephalic index in the third tertile had a 1.1% lower EFW compared with the first tertile. Maternal weight, body mass index, and parity did not influence the EFW. Terms for customization to individualize the growth patterns are presented. CONCLUSIONS: The present growth chart is recommended as robust reference ranges for assessing EFW and growth. Fetal and maternal variables can be added into the models to individualize the prediction of EFW.
Authors: Luc Villandré; Jennifer A Hutcheon; Maria Esther Perez Trejo; Haim Abenhaim; Geir Jacobsen; Robert W Platt Journal: Int J Biostat Date: 2011-08-23 Impact factor: 0.968
Authors: Jennifer A Hutcheon; Robert W Platt; Barbara Abrams; Katherine P Himes; Hyagriv N Simhan; Lisa M Bodnar Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2013-03-06 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Adi L Tarca; Roberto Romero; Dereje W Gudicha; Offer Erez; Edgar Hernandez-Andrade; Lami Yeo; Gaurav Bhatti; Percy Pacora; Eli Maymon; Sonia S Hassan Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol Date: 2018-02 Impact factor: 8.661
Authors: Rebecca C Knickmeyer; Kai Xia; Zhaohua Lu; Mihye Ahn; Shaili C Jha; Fei Zou; Hongtu Zhu; Martin Styner; John H Gilmore Journal: Cereb Cortex Date: 2017-12-01 Impact factor: 5.357
Authors: G S Stødle; G B Silva; L H Tangerås; L M Gierman; I Nervik; U E Dahlberg; C Sun; M H Aune; L C V Thomsen; L Bjørge; A-C Iversen Journal: Clin Exp Immunol Date: 2018-04-23 Impact factor: 4.330
Authors: Meryam Sugulle; Ralf Dechend; Florian Herse; M Susanne Weedon-Fekjaer; Guro M Johnsen; K Bridget Brosnihan; Lauren Anton; Friedrich C Luft; Kai C Wollert; Tibor Kempf; Anne Cathrine Staff Journal: Hypertension Date: 2009-05-26 Impact factor: 10.190