AIM: Hepatitis C virus often establishes chronic infections. Recent studies suggest that viral and bacterial infections are more common in HCV-infected patients compared to controls. Pathogens are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) to shape adaptive and innate immune responses. METHODS: In this study, to assess the ability of HCV-infected host to recognize invading pathogens, we investigated Toll-like receptor expression in innate (monocytes) and adaptive (T cells) immune cells by real-time PCR. RESULTS: We determined that RNA levels for TLRs 2, 6. 7, 8, 9 and 10 mRNA levels were upregulated in both monocytes and T cells in HCV-infected patients compared to controls. TLR4 was only upregulated in T lymphocytes, while TLR5 was selectively increased in monocytes of HCV-infected patients. MD-2, a TLR4 co-receptor, was increased in patients' monocytes and T cells while CD14 and MyD88 were increased only in monocytes. CONCLUSION: Our data reveal novel details on TLR expression that likely relates to innate recognition of pathogens and immune defense in HCV-infected individuals.
AIM: Hepatitis C virus often establishes chronic infections. Recent studies suggest that viral and bacterial infections are more common in HCV-infectedpatients compared to controls. Pathogens are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) to shape adaptive and innate immune responses. METHODS: In this study, to assess the ability of HCV-infected host to recognize invading pathogens, we investigated Toll-like receptor expression in innate (monocytes) and adaptive (T cells) immune cells by real-time PCR. RESULTS: We determined that RNA levels for TLRs 2, 6. 7, 8, 9 and 10 mRNA levels were upregulated in both monocytes and T cells in HCV-infectedpatients compared to controls. TLR4 was only upregulated in T lymphocytes, while TLR5 was selectively increased in monocytes of HCV-infectedpatients. MD-2, a TLR4 co-receptor, was increased in patients' monocytes and T cells while CD14 and MyD88 were increased only in monocytes. CONCLUSION: Our data reveal novel details on TLR expression that likely relates to innate recognition of pathogens and immune defense in HCV-infected individuals.
Authors: Jörg Vollmer; Robert Rankin; Hanna Hartmann; Marion Jurk; Ulrike Samulowitz; Tanja Wader; Andrea Janosch; Christian Schetter; Arthur M Krieg Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2004-06 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Asmaa M Zahran; Zeinab Albadry M Zahran; Omnia El-Badawy; Mona H Abdel-Rahim; Wageeh A M Ali; Amal Rayan; Muhammad Abbas El-Masry; Mohamed A A Abozaid; Helal F Hetta Journal: Immunol Res Date: 2019-06 Impact factor: 2.829
Authors: Brendon Y Chua; Emily M Eriksson; Lorena E Brown; Weiguang Zeng; Eric J Gowans; Joseph Torresi; David C Jackson Journal: Vaccine Date: 2008-04-07 Impact factor: 3.641
Authors: Paul Shapshak; Charurut Somboonwit; Lydia N Drumright; Simon D W Frost; Deborah Commins; Timothy L Tellinghuisen; William K Scott; Robert Duncan; Clyde McCoy; J Bryan Page; Brian Giunta; Francisco Fernandez; Elyse Singer; Andrew Levine; Alireza Minagar; Oluwadayo Oluwadara; Taiwo Kotila; Francesco Chiappelli; John T Sinnott Journal: Mol Diagn Ther Date: 2009 Impact factor: 4.074