Qing Cai1, Daming Zhang, Zhan-Lin Liu, Xiao-Ru Wang. 1. Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Studying the genome structure of pines has been hindered by their large genomes and uniform karyotypes. Consequently our understanding of the genome organization and evolutionary changes in different groups of pines is extremely limited. However, techniques are now available that can surmount these difficulties. The purpose of this study was to exploit some of these techniques to characterize the genome differentiation between the two subgenera of Pinus: Pinus and Strobus. METHODS: Double-probe fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) was used to localize the 5S and 18S rDNA loci on chromosomes of five species from the subgenus Strobus: P. bungeana, P. koraiensis, P. armandii, P. wallichiana and P. strobus. * KEY RESULTS: The rDNA FISH pattern varied considerably among the five species, with P. bungeana being the most distinct. By comparing the results obtained with those of previous rDNA FISH studies of members of the subgenus Pinus, several general features of rDNA loci distribution in the genus Pinus can be discerned: (a) species of subgenus Strobus generally have more rDNA loci than species of subgenus Pinus, correlating with their larger genomes in the subgenus Strobus; (b) there is a clear differentiation in 5S and 18S rDNA loci linkage patterns between the two subgenera; (c) variations in the rDNA FISH pattern correlate with phylogenetic relationships among species within the subgenus; (d) P. bungeana has fewer 18S rDNA sites than other pines investigated to date, but they give intense signals, and may reflect the primary distribution of the 18S-25S rDNA loci in the genus. CONCLUSIONS: The stable differentiation in rDNA FISH pattern between the subgenera suggests that chromosomal rearrangements played a role in the splitting of the two subgenera, and transpositional events rather than major structural changes are likely responsible for the variable rDNA distribution patterns among species of the same subgenus with conserved karyotypes.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Studying the genome structure of pines has been hindered by their large genomes and uniform karyotypes. Consequently our understanding of the genome organization and evolutionary changes in different groups of pines is extremely limited. However, techniques are now available that can surmount these difficulties. The purpose of this study was to exploit some of these techniques to characterize the genome differentiation between the two subgenera of Pinus: Pinus and Strobus. METHODS: Double-probe fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) was used to localize the 5S and 18S rDNA loci on chromosomes of five species from the subgenus Strobus: P. bungeana, P. koraiensis, P. armandii, P. wallichiana and P. strobus. * KEY RESULTS: The rDNA FISH pattern varied considerably among the five species, with P. bungeana being the most distinct. By comparing the results obtained with those of previous rDNA FISH studies of members of the subgenus Pinus, several general features of rDNA loci distribution in the genus Pinus can be discerned: (a) species of subgenus Strobus generally have more rDNA loci than species of subgenus Pinus, correlating with their larger genomes in the subgenus Strobus; (b) there is a clear differentiation in 5S and 18S rDNA loci linkage patterns between the two subgenera; (c) variations in the rDNA FISH pattern correlate with phylogenetic relationships among species within the subgenus; (d) P. bungeana has fewer 18S rDNA sites than other pines investigated to date, but they give intense signals, and may reflect the primary distribution of the 18S-25S rDNA loci in the genus. CONCLUSIONS: The stable differentiation in rDNA FISH pattern between the subgenera suggests that chromosomal rearrangements played a role in the splitting of the two subgenera, and transpositional events rather than major structural changes are likely responsible for the variable rDNA distribution patterns among species of the same subgenus with conserved karyotypes.
Authors: Stephen A Goff; Darrell Ricke; Tien-Hung Lan; Gernot Presting; Ronglin Wang; Molly Dunn; Jane Glazebrook; Allen Sessions; Paul Oeller; Hemant Varma; David Hadley; Don Hutchison; Chris Martin; Fumiaki Katagiri; B Markus Lange; Todd Moughamer; Yu Xia; Paul Budworth; Jingping Zhong; Trini Miguel; Uta Paszkowski; Shiping Zhang; Michelle Colbert; Wei-lin Sun; Lili Chen; Bret Cooper; Sylvia Park; Todd Charles Wood; Long Mao; Peter Quail; Rod Wing; Ralph Dean; Yeisoo Yu; Andrey Zharkikh; Richard Shen; Sudhir Sahasrabudhe; Alun Thomas; Rob Cannings; Alexander Gutin; Dmitry Pruss; Julia Reid; Sean Tavtigian; Jeff Mitchell; Glenn Eldredge; Terri Scholl; Rose Mary Miller; Satish Bhatnagar; Nils Adey; Todd Rubano; Nadeem Tusneem; Rosann Robinson; Jane Feldhaus; Teresita Macalma; Arnold Oliphant; Steven Briggs Journal: Science Date: 2002-04-05 Impact factor: 47.728
Authors: Diogo C Cabral-de-Mello; Josefa Cabrero; María Dolores López-León; Juan Pedro M Camacho Journal: Genetica Date: 2011-07-14 Impact factor: 1.082
Authors: Ana B S M Ferretti; Francisco J Ruiz-Ruano; Diogo Milani; Vilma Loreto; Dardo A Martí; Erica Ramos; Cesar Martins; Diogo C Cabral-de-Mello Journal: Chromosoma Date: 2019-05-20 Impact factor: 4.316
Authors: Irena Provazníková; Martina Hejníčková; Sander Visser; Martina Dalíková; Leonela Z Carabajal Paladino; Magda Zrzavá; Anna Voleníková; František Marec; Petr Nguyen Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2021-06-09 Impact factor: 4.379