Terminal reactions in the anaerobic digestion of animal waste.

An anaerobic mesophilic digestor was operated using beef cattle waste (diluted to 5.75% volatile solids) as substrate; retention time was 10 days with daily batch feed. Volatile solids destruction was 36%. Daily gas production rate was 1.8 liters of gas (standard temperature and pressure) per liter of digestor contents (0.99 liters of CH(4) per liter of digestor contents). Acetate turnover was measured, and it was calculated that 68% of the CH(4) was derived from the methyl group of acetate. When the methanogenic substrates acetic acid or H(2)/CO(2) were added to the digestor on a continuous basis, the microflora were able to adapt and convert them to terminal products while continuing to degrade animal waste to the same extent as without additions. The methanogenic substrates were added at a rate at least 1.5 times the microbial production rate which was measured in the absence of added substrates. Added acetate was converted directly to CH(4) by acetoclastic methanogens; H(2) addition greatly stimulated acetate production in the digestor. A method is described for the measurement of acetate turnover in batch-fed digestors.