Literature DB >> 15693526

A day of great illumination: B. F. Skinner's discovery of shaping.

Gail B Peterson1.   

Abstract

Despite the seminal studies of response differentiation by the method of successive approximation detailed in chapter 8 of The Behavior of Organisms (1938), B. F. Skinner never actually shaped an operant response by hand until a memorable incident of startling serendipity on the top floor of a flour mill in Minneapolis in 1943. That occasion appears to have been a genuine eureka experience for Skinner, causing him to appreciate as never before the significance of reinforcement mediated by biological connections with the animate social environment, as opposed to purely mechanical connections with the inanimate physical environment. This insight stimulated him to coin a new term (shaping), and also led directly to a shift in his perspective on verbal behavior from an emphasis on antecedents and molecular topographical details to an emphasis on consequences and more molar, functional properties in which the social dyad inherent to the shaping process became the definitive property of verbal behavior. Moreover, the insight seems to have emboldened Skinner to explore the greater implications of his behaviorism for human behavior writ large, an enterprise that characterized the bulk of his post-World War II scholarship.

Entities:  

Mesh:

Year:  2004        PMID: 15693526      PMCID: PMC1285014          DOI: 10.1901/jeab.2004.82-317

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  J Exp Anal Behav        ISSN: 0022-5002            Impact factor:   2.468


  5 in total

1.  Application of operant conditioning to reinstate verbal behavior in psychotics.

Authors:  W ISAACS; J THOMAS; I GOLDIAMOND
Journal:  J Speech Hear Disord       Date:  1960-02

2.  A toast to Most: Konrad Most, a 1910 pioneer in animal training.

Authors:  M R Burch
Journal:  J Appl Behav Anal       Date:  1990

3.  On a particular form of conditioned reflex.

Authors:  S Miller; J Konorski
Journal:  J Exp Anal Behav       Date:  1969-01       Impact factor: 2.468

4.  Acquisition of imitative speech by schizophrenic children.

Authors:  O I Lovaas; J P Berberich; B F Perloff; B Schaeffer
Journal:  Science       Date:  1966-02-11       Impact factor: 47.728

5.  An operant approach to rehabilitation medicine: overcoming learned nonuse by shaping.

Authors:  E Taub; J E Crago; L D Burgio; T E Groomes; E W Cook; S C DeLuca; N E Miller
Journal:  J Exp Anal Behav       Date:  1994-03       Impact factor: 2.468

  5 in total
  15 in total

1.  B. F. Skinner's contributions to applied behavior analysis.

Authors:  Edward K Morris; Nathaniel G Smith; Deborah E Altus
Journal:  Behav Anal       Date:  2005

2.  The etymology of basic concepts in the experimental analysis of behavior.

Authors:  James A Dinsmoor
Journal:  J Exp Anal Behav       Date:  2004-11       Impact factor: 2.468

3.  Jeab at 50: coevolution of research and technology.

Authors:  Kennon A Lattal
Journal:  J Exp Anal Behav       Date:  2008-01       Impact factor: 2.468

4.  Insight learning or shaping?

Authors:  Johan Lind; Stefano Ghirlanda; Magnus Enquist
Journal:  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A       Date:  2009-07-01       Impact factor: 11.205

5.  Toward the Unification of Molecular and Molar Analyses.

Authors:  Charles P Shimp
Journal:  Behav Anal       Date:  2013

Review 6.  A review of functional neurological symptom disorder etiology and the integrated etiological summary model

Authors:  Aaron D. Fobian; Lindsey Elliott
Journal:  J Psychiatry Neurosci       Date:  2019-01-01       Impact factor: 6.186

7.  B. F. Skinner: the writer and his definition of verbal behavior.

Authors:  Maria de Lourdes R da F Passos
Journal:  Behav Anal       Date:  2012

8.  Stop Preaching to the Choir, Publish Outside the Box: A Discussion.

Authors:  Edward K Morris
Journal:  Behav Anal       Date:  2014-06-06

9.  Nu-Way Snaps and Snap Leads: an Important Connection in the History of Behavior Analysis.

Authors:  Rogelio Escobar; Kennon A Lattal
Journal:  Behav Anal       Date:  2014-05-08

10.  Assistive game controller for artificial intelligence-enhanced telerehabilitation post-stroke.

Authors:  Grigore Burdea; Nam Kim; Kevin Polistico; Ashwin Kadaru; Namrata Grampurohit; Doru Roll; Frank Damiani
Journal:  Assist Technol       Date:  2019-06-10
View more

北京卡尤迪生物科技股份有限公司 © 2022-2023.