| Literature DB >> 15684087 |
Paul M Kim1, Hiroyuki Aizawa, Peter S Kim, Alex S Huang, Sasrutha R Wickramasinghe, Amir H Kashani, Roxanne K Barrow, Richard L Huganir, Anirvan Ghosh, Solomon H Snyder.
Abstract
Serine racemase (SR), localized to astrocytic glia that ensheathe synapses, converts L-serine to D-serine, an endogenous ligand of the NMDA receptor. We report the activation of SR by glutamate neurotransmission involving alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptors via glutamate receptor interacting protein (GRIP) and the physiologic regulation of cerebellar granule cell migration by SR. GRIP physiologically binds SR, augmenting SR activity and D-serine release. GRIP infection of neonatal mouse cerebellum in vivo enhances granule cell migration. Selective degradation of D-serine by D-amino acid oxidase and pharmacologic inhibition of SR impede migration, whereas D-serine activates the process. Thus, in neuronal migration, glutamate stimulates Bergmann glia to form and release D-serine, which, together with glutamate, activates NMDA receptors on granule neurons, chemokinetically enhancing migration.Entities:
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Year: 2005 PMID: 15684087 PMCID: PMC548584 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0409723102
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ISSN: 0027-8424 Impact factor: 11.205