The early innovators of today's resurfacing condylar knees.

The 1970s saw an explosion of ideas in the field of prosthetic knee arthroplasty. This paper is an effort to identify the innovators who contributed to the development of today's condylar total knee prostheses and the surgical techniques used to insert them. The 1970s were selected because most innovations occurred during those years. Two different design approaches were undertaken simultaneously. One was a functional approach whereas the other was a strictly anatomical approach. Initially, these 2 approaches led to very different designs. But the common goal of recreating human knee function eventually led to more similarities than differences. The author describes how, when, and why these dedicated individuals came to their ideas. The work is largely based on interviews and correspondence with those involved as well as on reviews of patents and papers pertaining to their work.