Statistical shape model of atria, ventricles and epicardium from short- and long-axis MR images.

We describe a new 3-D statistical shape model of the heart consisting of atria, ventricles and epicardium. The model was constructed by combining information on standard short- and long-axis cardiac MR images. In the model, the variability of the shape was modeled with PCA- and ICA-based shape models as well as with non-parametric landmark probability distributions and a probabilistic atlas. The statistical atlas was built from 25 healthy subjects. The shape model was evaluated by applying it to image segmentation. The probabilistic atlas was found to be superior to the other shape models (P < 0.001) in this study.