OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze children's meal patterns over 2 decades. DESIGN: One 24-hour dietary recall was collected on each child who participated in one of seven cross-sectional surveys. SUBJECTS/ SETTING: Dietary intake data were collected on 1,584 10-year-old children (65% white, 35% African American), in Bogalusa, LA, from 1973 to 1994. STATISTICAL ANALYSES: Descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance adjusting for gender and ethnicity. RESULTS: From 1973 to 1978, there was a marked increase (P<.0001) in the percentage of children who skipped breakfast, from 8.2% to 29.6%. When school breakfast was introduced in 1981, the proportion of children skipping breakfast declined to 12.5% (P<.01). From 1973-1974 to 1993-1994, the percentage of children eating a school lunch declined from 89.7% (1973-1974) to 78.2% (1993-1994) (P<.001); eating lunch brought from home increased from 5.9% to 11.1% (P<.01); consuming a home dinner decreased from 89.2% to 75.9% (P<.01); eating a dinner prepared outside the home increased from 5.4% to 19.0% (P<.01); consuming a meal at a restaurant increased from 0.3% to 5.4% (P<.0001); consuming snacks decreased (P<.0001); total eating episodes decreased from 6.6 to 5.2 (P<.0001); and eating time span significantly decreased from 12.4 hours to 11.5 hours (P<.0001). Despite these changes in meal patterns, no associations were found between meal patterns and overweight status. CONCLUSIONS: Striking alterations in the meal patterns of children occurred over the 2-decade period. These changes may have implications for the changes in the dietary intakes of children during the same time. However, data from this study do not support an association between meal patterns and children's overweight status. Further research with multiple days of assessment is needed to better understand the complexity of diet as it relates to childhood obesity.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze children's meal patterns over 2 decades. DESIGN: One 24-hour dietary recall was collected on each child who participated in one of seven cross-sectional surveys. SUBJECTS/ SETTING: Dietary intake data were collected on 1,584 10-year-old children (65% white, 35% African American), in Bogalusa, LA, from 1973 to 1994. STATISTICAL ANALYSES: Descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance adjusting for gender and ethnicity. RESULTS: From 1973 to 1978, there was a marked increase (P<.0001) in the percentage of children who skipped breakfast, from 8.2% to 29.6%. When school breakfast was introduced in 1981, the proportion of children skipping breakfast declined to 12.5% (P<.01). From 1973-1974 to 1993-1994, the percentage of children eating a school lunch declined from 89.7% (1973-1974) to 78.2% (1993-1994) (P<.001); eating lunch brought from home increased from 5.9% to 11.1% (P<.01); consuming a home dinner decreased from 89.2% to 75.9% (P<.01); eating a dinner prepared outside the home increased from 5.4% to 19.0% (P<.01); consuming a meal at a restaurant increased from 0.3% to 5.4% (P<.0001); consuming snacks decreased (P<.0001); total eating episodes decreased from 6.6 to 5.2 (P<.0001); and eating time span significantly decreased from 12.4 hours to 11.5 hours (P<.0001). Despite these changes in meal patterns, no associations were found between meal patterns and overweight status. CONCLUSIONS: Striking alterations in the meal patterns of children occurred over the 2-decade period. These changes may have implications for the changes in the dietary intakes of children during the same time. However, data from this study do not support an association between meal patterns and children's overweight status. Further research with multiple days of assessment is needed to better understand the complexity of diet as it relates to childhood obesity.
Authors: Jayne A Fulkerson; Martha Y Kubik; Sarah Rydell; Kerri N Boutelle; Ann Garwick; Mary Story; Dianne Neumark-Sztainer; Bonnie Dudovitz Journal: J Nutr Educ Behav Date: 2011-03-01 Impact factor: 3.045
Authors: Holly E Brophy-Herb; Mildred Horodynski; Dawn Contreras; Jean Kerver; Niko Kaciroti; Mara Stein; Hannah Jong Lee; Brittany Motz; Sheilah Hebert; Erika Prine; Candace Gardiner; Laurie A Van Egeren; Julie C Lumeng Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2017-02-10 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Carla J Moore; Jonathan Lowe; Vasiliki Michopoulos; Patrick Ulam; Donna Toufexis; Mark E Wilson; Zachary Johnson Journal: Appetite Date: 2012-11-30 Impact factor: 3.868
Authors: Katharine E Alexander; Emily E Ventura; Donna Spruijt-Metz; Marc J Weigensberg; Michael I Goran; Jaimie N Davis Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) Date: 2009-05-07 Impact factor: 5.002