OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of refractive errors in persons 40 years and older. METHODS: Counts of persons with phakic eyes with and without spherical equivalent refractive error in the worse eye of +3 diopters (D) or greater, -1 D or less, and -5 D or less were obtained from population-based eye surveys in strata of gender, race/ethnicity, and 5-year age intervals. Pooled age-, gender-, and race/ethnicity-specific rates for each refractive error were applied to the corresponding stratum-specific US, Western European, and Australian populations (years 2000 and projected 2020). RESULTS: Six studies provided data from 29 281 persons. In the US, Western European, and Australian year 2000 populations 40 years or older, the estimated crude prevalence for hyperopia of +3 D or greater was 9.9%, 11.6%, and 5.8%, respectively (11.8 million, 21.6 million, and 0.47 million persons). For myopia of -1 D or less, the estimated crude prevalence was 25.4%, 26.6%, and 16.4% (30.4 million, 49.6 million, and 1.3 million persons), respectively, of whom 4.5%, 4.6%, and 2.8% (5.3 million, 8.5 million, and 0.23 million persons), respectively, had myopia of -5 D or less. Projected prevalence rates in 2020 were similar. CONCLUSIONS: Refractive errors affect approximately one third of persons 40 years or older in the United States and Western Europe, and one fifth of Australians in this age group.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of refractive errors in persons 40 years and older. METHODS: Counts of persons with phakic eyes with and without spherical equivalent refractive error in the worse eye of +3 diopters (D) or greater, -1 D or less, and -5 D or less were obtained from population-based eye surveys in strata of gender, race/ethnicity, and 5-year age intervals. Pooled age-, gender-, and race/ethnicity-specific rates for each refractive error were applied to the corresponding stratum-specific US, Western European, and Australian populations (years 2000 and projected 2020). RESULTS: Six studies provided data from 29 281 persons. In the US, Western European, and Australian year 2000 populations 40 years or older, the estimated crude prevalence for hyperopia of +3 D or greater was 9.9%, 11.6%, and 5.8%, respectively (11.8 million, 21.6 million, and 0.47 million persons). For myopia of -1 D or less, the estimated crude prevalence was 25.4%, 26.6%, and 16.4% (30.4 million, 49.6 million, and 1.3 million persons), respectively, of whom 4.5%, 4.6%, and 2.8% (5.3 million, 8.5 million, and 0.23 million persons), respectively, had myopia of -5 D or less. Projected prevalence rates in 2020 were similar. CONCLUSIONS: Refractive errors affect approximately one third of persons 40 years or older in the United States and Western Europe, and one fifth of Australians in this age group.
Authors: Andrea Russo; Francesco Semeraro; Mario R Romano; Rodolfo Mastropasqua; Roberto Dell'Omo; Ciro Costagliola Journal: Int Ophthalmol Date: 2013-09-17 Impact factor: 2.031
Authors: Chen-Wei Pan; Barbara E K Klein; Mary Frances Cotch; Sandi Shrager; Ronald Klein; Aaron Folsom; Richard Kronmal; Steven J Shea; Gregory L Burke; Seang-Mei Saw; Tien Y Wong Journal: Am J Ophthalmol Date: 2013-02-27 Impact factor: 5.258
Authors: Felicia Hawthorne; Sheng Feng; Ravikanth Metlapally; Yi-Ju Li; Khanh-Nhat Tran-Viet; Jeremy A Guggenheim; Francois Malecaze; Patrick Calvas; Thomas Rosenberg; David A Mackey; Cristina Venturini; Pirro G Hysi; Christopher J Hammond; Terri L Young Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2013-03-21 Impact factor: 4.799