Lentinula edodes removes phenols from olive-mill wastewater: impact on durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) germinability.

Olive-mill wastewater (OMW) exhibits highly phytotoxic properties, mainly due to phenols. A valuable option for OMW disposal is its agricultural use provided that phytotoxic effects are removed. The present investigation was aimed at evaluating the efficacy of the lignin-degrading fungus Lentinula edodes in achieving OMW detoxification. Germinability experiments on durum wheat showed that OMW phytotoxicity was significantly reduced by L. edodes cultures. Germinability on undiluted and twofold diluted OMW from fungal cultures was 34+/-5% and 57+/-6%, respectively, while on related incubation controls it was almost completely suppressed. These results suggest that fungal cultures of L. edodes would decrease the phytotoxicity of this waste.