[Laparoscopic transperitoneal donor nephrectomy. Technique and results].

Living donor kidney transplantation is one possibility to meet the growing demand for organs in patients with chronic renal failure. In 1995 the first laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy (LDN) was performed in the United States. More than 100 transplant centers worldwide perform LDN. The expectations of a larger number of willing organ donors were fulfilled due to the less traumatic operation. Meanwhile, several techniques exist to retrieve a kidney laparoscopically, including the trans- or retroperitoneal, strictly laparoscopic, or hand-assisted approach. From February 1999 to September 2002, 63 strictly laparoscopic, transperitoneal LDNs were performed at the Department of Urology of the Charité University Hospital, Berlin. Warm ischemic time was 148 s (105-360) and operating time was 203 min (110-305). Intraoperative complications were due to insufficient closure of the vessels in four patients. Mean postoperative hospital stay was 5.7 days (3-9). One year after LDN, renal function as well as creatinine levels of the recipient showed no difference compared to the organs harvested via the approach at our department prior to implementation of LDN. Strictly laparoscopic transperitoneal donor nephrectomy is a safe method for kidney retrieval and ensures excellent graft function.