The alpha subunits of Gz and Gi interact with the eyes absent transcription cofactor Eya2, preventing its interaction with the six class of homeodomain-containing proteins.

Yeast two-hybrid techniques were used to identify possible effectors for the heterotrimeric G protein G(z) in human bone marrow cells. Eya2, a human homologue of the Drosophila Eya transcription co-activator, was identified. Eya2 interacts with activated Galpha(z) and at least one other member of the Galpha(i) family, Galpha(i2). Interactions were confirmed in mammalian two-hybrid and glutathione S-transferase fusion protein pull-down assays. Regions of Eya2-mediating interaction were mapped to the C-terminal Eya consensus domain. Eya2 is an intrinsically cytosolic protein that is translocated to the nucleus by members of the Six homeodomain-containing family of proteins. Activated Galpha(z) and Galpha(i2) prevent Eya2 translocation and inhibit Six/Eya2-mediated activation of a reporter gene controlled through the MEF3/TATA promoter. Although G proteins are known to regulate the activity of numerous transcription factors, this regulation is normally achieved indirectly via one or more intermediates. We show here a novel functional regulation of a co-activator directly by G protein subunits.