Stages in motion processing revealed by the ocular following response.

Motion perception and associated involuntary eye movements depend on factors such as the physical attributes of the stimulus and visual attention. Cues from spatial changes in luminance (first-order motion in the Fourier domain) or more complicated transitions involving two-dimensional patterns (second-order, non-Fourier) require rather different kinds of analyses to detect their net motion. During a fixation task we monitored eye movements induced by the onset of motion to examine the functional properties of the monkey cortical motion processing system. Eye movement velocity was indistinguishable to first- and second-order motion; concomitant response latency confirmed an additional calculation is required to detect the direction and velocity of second-order motion.