SMASH imaging.

SMASH imaging is a new MR imaging technique that can be used to multiply the speed of existing imaging sequences. It operates by using an array of radiofrequency (RF) detection coils to perform some of the spatial encoding normally accomplished with magnetic field gradients. The speed of the SMASH technique results from appropriate combinations of coil array RF signals in which multiple lines of image data are gathered simultaneously, rather than one after another. SMASH can be used in conjunction with most rapid imaging sequences, including EPI, resulting in multiplicative gains in imaging speed. This article reviews the basic principles of SMASH imaging, outlines requirements for practical implementation, and presents a variety of in vivo results, highlighting ways in which SMASH may be used to increase imaging speed and to improve image quality for clinical MR imaging applications.