BACKGROUND: HIV-1 RNA PCR is a widely available and sensitive assay but has not been studied for use in early diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in infants. METHODS: Research HIV-1 DNA PCR and HIV-1 RNA PCR were performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma, respectively, from 284 blood samples from 204 infants. A commercially available HIV-1 quantitative RNA PCR was also performed on plasma from the 132 samples from HIV-1-infected infants and 22 of the samples from HIV-1-uninfected infants. RESULTS: Sensitivities of all assays varied with infant age. HIV-1 DNA PCR had a sensitivity of 27% in the < or = 3-week age group (n = 11) whereas qualitative and quantitative RNA PCR had sensitivities of 64 and 55%, respectively (P not significant). Each assay had a sensitivity of 96.2% at 4 to 6 weeks (n = 26) and 100% at > or = 7 weeks of age (n = 95). Specificity of HIV-1 DNA PCR for all age groups was 100%, whereas specificities of qualitative and quantitative RNA PCR assay were 96.1 and 95.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-1 RNA PCR may offer a slight advantage in sensitivity over DNA PCR in the diagnosis of HIV infection in young infants. Positive RNA results can be found in a small number of infants who are not HIV-1-infected. HIV-1 RNA detection should not be routinely used alone for the diagnosis of HIV infection in young infants.
BACKGROUND:HIV-1 RNA PCR is a widely available and sensitive assay but has not been studied for use in early diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in infants. METHODS: Research HIV-1 DNA PCR and HIV-1 RNA PCR were performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma, respectively, from 284 blood samples from 204 infants. A commercially available HIV-1 quantitative RNA PCR was also performed on plasma from the 132 samples from HIV-1-infectedinfants and 22 of the samples from HIV-1-uninfectedinfants. RESULTS: Sensitivities of all assays varied with infant age. HIV-1 DNA PCR had a sensitivity of 27% in the < or = 3-week age group (n = 11) whereas qualitative and quantitative RNA PCR had sensitivities of 64 and 55%, respectively (P not significant). Each assay had a sensitivity of 96.2% at 4 to 6 weeks (n = 26) and 100% at > or = 7 weeks of age (n = 95). Specificity of HIV-1 DNA PCR for all age groups was 100%, whereas specificities of qualitative and quantitative RNA PCR assay were 96.1 and 95.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:HIV-1 RNA PCR may offer a slight advantage in sensitivity over DNA PCR in the diagnosis of HIV infection in young infants. Positive RNA results can be found in a small number of infants who are not HIV-1-infected. HIV-1 RNA detection should not be routinely used alone for the diagnosis of HIV infection in young infants.
Authors: Ada Cachafeiro; Gayle G Sherman; Annette H Sohn; Consuelo Beck-Sague; Susan A Fiscus Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2008-12-10 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: Benjamin H Chi; Mohammed I Limbada; Mark J Giganti; Michelle S Li; Maximillian Bweupe; Patrick Musonda; Peggy Bubala; Mwangelwa Mubiana-Mbewe; Namwinga T Chintu; Carolyn Bolton-Moore; Jeffrey S A Stringer Journal: Pediatr Infect Dis J Date: 2013-02 Impact factor: 2.129
Authors: Susan A Fiscus; Jeffrey Wiener; Elaine J Abrams; Marc Bulterys; Ada Cachafeiro; Richard A Respess Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2007-05-02 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: Jan Walter; Louise Kuhn; Katherine Semrau; Don W Decker; Moses Sinkala; Chipepo Kankasa; Donald M Thea; Marc Bulterys; Chin-Yih Ou; Grace M Aldrovandi Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2009-07-22 Impact factor: 5.948