Inversion effect for faces in split-brain monkeys.

Inverting facial stimuli disrupts recognition in human subjects more severely than does inversion of other objects normally seen upright. Furthermore, this disruption affects mechanisms in the right hemisphere, which is the hemisphere preeminent for face processing, more than mechanisms in the left. To determine the extent of these effects in monkeys we retrained each hemisphere of 20 split-brain rhesus monkeys on eight upright facial discriminations they had previously learned. As a group, the monkeys again performed better with the right hemisphere than with the left in remembering these problems, confirming the right hemispheric advantage previously found. As soon as a particular discrimination was relearned to criterion with one hemisphere, the same discrimination was presented inverted. The monkeys learned the inverted facial discriminations with each hemisphere but as a group no longer showed a right hemispheric advantage. Thus, the monkeys, like people, show a greater inversion effect for faces with the right hemisphere than with the left. This result indicates that monkeys normally process faces configurally using holistic mechanisms in the right hemisphere but, when required by the nature of the stimuli, can utilize piecemeal processing of specific features with either hemisphere.