BACKGROUND/AIMS: To determine if the use of Intraoperative choliangiography (IOC) should be routinely performed and, if not, which criteria should be used to select patients requiring IOC during open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODOLOGY: 495 Patients with 1 or more gallstones were included in a two-year study. Twelve clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic and intraoperative factors were chosen and evaluated in all cases. Prior to cholecystectomy, IOC was performed after having identified the common bile duct (CBD) and cystic duct. The majority of the patients were operated on by the same surgeon to avoid differences in criteria and techniques. Statistical evaluation made use of the exact Fisher test and chi square test and, a p-value less than 0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS: IOC could be performed in 479 out of the 495 cases. IOC resulted in a normal CBD in 76.0%, had a false positive in 2.7%, a false negative in 0.48%, and a presence of 1 or more stones in the CBD in 20.9%. The study revealed that when none of the 12 risk factors were present, there were no cases with CBD stones. As the number of risk factors increased, so did the number of cases presenting with CBD stones. CONCLUSION: Not all 12 risk factors show the same index of predictability; only 5 in particular (jaundice, ultrasound diameter CBD 7 mm, bilirubin over 26 umol/it, cystic duct > 4 mm and CBI, diameter over 9 mm) showed a high rate of predictability. However, when careful measurement and evaluation of risk factors for CBD stones are undertaken, it is possible to avoid the routine use of IOC.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: To determine if the use of Intraoperative choliangiography (IOC) should be routinely performed and, if not, which criteria should be used to select patients requiring IOC during open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODOLOGY: 495 Patients with 1 or more gallstones were included in a two-year study. Twelve clinical, laboratory, ultrasonographic and intraoperative factors were chosen and evaluated in all cases. Prior to cholecystectomy, IOC was performed after having identified the common bile duct (CBD) and cystic duct. The majority of the patients were operated on by the same surgeon to avoid differences in criteria and techniques. Statistical evaluation made use of the exact Fisher test and chi square test and, a p-value less than 0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS: IOC could be performed in 479 out of the 495 cases. IOC resulted in a normal CBD in 76.0%, had a false positive in 2.7%, a false negative in 0.48%, and a presence of 1 or more stones in the CBD in 20.9%. The study revealed that when none of the 12 risk factors were present, there were no cases with CBD stones. As the number of risk factors increased, so did the number of cases presenting with CBD stones. CONCLUSION: Not all 12 risk factors show the same index of predictability; only 5 in particular (jaundice, ultrasound diameter CBD 7 mm, bilirubin over 26 umol/it, cystic duct > 4 mm and CBI, diameter over 9 mm) showed a high rate of predictability. However, when careful measurement and evaluation of risk factors for CBD stones are undertaken, it is possible to avoid the routine use of IOC.
Authors: William W Hope; Robert Fanelli; Danielle S Walsh; Vimal K Narula; Ray Price; Dimitrios Stefanidis; William S Richardson Journal: Surg Endosc Date: 2017-03-31 Impact factor: 4.584
Authors: Attila Csendes; Paula Csendes; Patricio Burdiles; Juan Carlos Diaz; Fernando Maluenda; Ana Maria Burgos Journal: J Gastrointest Surg Date: 2007-10 Impact factor: 3.452
Authors: L Ansaloni; M Pisano; F Coccolini; A B Peitzmann; A Fingerhut; F Catena; F Agresta; A Allegri; I Bailey; Z J Balogh; C Bendinelli; W Biffl; L Bonavina; G Borzellino; F Brunetti; C C Burlew; G Camapanelli; F C Campanile; M Ceresoli; O Chiara; I Civil; R Coimbra; M De Moya; S Di Saverio; G P Fraga; S Gupta; J Kashuk; M D Kelly; V Koka; H Jeekel; R Latifi; A Leppaniemi; R V Maier; I Marzi; F Moore; D Piazzalunga; B Sakakushev; M Sartelli; T Scalea; P F Stahel; K Taviloglu; G Tugnoli; S Uraneus; G C Velmahos; I Wani; D G Weber; P Viale; M Sugrue; R Ivatury; Y Kluger; K S Gurusamy; E E Moore Journal: World J Emerg Surg Date: 2016-06-14 Impact factor: 5.469
Authors: Michele Pisano; Niccolò Allievi; Kurinchi Gurusamy; Giuseppe Borzellino; Stefania Cimbanassi; Djamila Boerna; Federico Coccolini; Andrea Tufo; Marcello Di Martino; Jeffrey Leung; Massimo Sartelli; Marco Ceresoli; Ronald V Maier; Elia Poiasina; Nicola De Angelis; Stefano Magnone; Paola Fugazzola; Ciro Paolillo; Raul Coimbra; Salomone Di Saverio; Belinda De Simone; Dieter G Weber; Boris E Sakakushev; Alessandro Lucianetti; Andrew W Kirkpatrick; Gustavo P Fraga; Imitaz Wani; Walter L Biffl; Osvaldo Chiara; Fikri Abu-Zidan; Ernest E Moore; Ari Leppäniemi; Yoram Kluger; Fausto Catena; Luca Ansaloni Journal: World J Emerg Surg Date: 2020-11-05 Impact factor: 5.469